Nationwide consensus on the clinical management of treatment-resistant depression in Italy: a Delphi panel
Annals of General Psychiatry November 26, 2023 Giuseppe Maina, Marina Adami, Giuseppe Ascione et al. 56 citations
A Delphi panel of 60 Italian psychiatrists found wide variation in how treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is managed in Italy, highlighting a need for standardized strategies and treatments specifically approved for TRD. High consensus emerged on adding lithium or antipsychotics as augmentation therapies and on the need for long-term maintenance therapy. Esketamine nasal spray was identified as the best option for TRD patients, with agreement that it can be administered in a community outpatient setting given appropriate educational support for patients.