The Five Marks of the Mental.
Frontiers in psychology January 1, 2017 Tuomas K Pernu 27 citations
The mental and physical realms appear distinct, with the mental dependent on yet different from the physical. This review identifies five marks of the mental—intentionality, consciousness, free will, teleology, and normativity—that are commonly associated with mental phenomena and each conflict with a physical view of reality in unique ways. Rather than defining mentality, these features highlight that there is no single mind-body problem but a set of interconnected problems. Each problem is analyzed, and their differences, similarities, and connections are identified, offering a foundation for future theoretical work in psychology and philosophy of mind, which has often suffered from unclarities and conflations.