The Phenomenology of Ma‘rifat al-Hallaj: Interpreting Anā al-Ḥaqq Amidst the Spiritual Crisis of the Contemporary Era
Tasfiyah Jurnal Pemikiran Islam April 30, 2026 Moh. Sholeh Baharis, Abdul Kadir Riyadi
Al-Hallaj's mystical knowledge (ma‘rifat) involves a transformation of consciousness through stages of purification, self-annihilation, subsistence, and divine manifestation, shifting awareness from the empirical ego toward the Divine. His phrase "Anā al-Ḥaqq" ("I am the Truth") is not a claim of ontological identity between humanity and God but a linguistic testimony of a consciousness that has transcended subject–object duality. The "Ana" refers not to al-Hallaj's biographical self but to a subject that has undergone ego dissolution and appears as a trace of al-Haqq. This Sufi paradigm offers relevance for addressing modern crises of meaning, religious formalization, and existential alienation.