Geç Osmanlı Düşüncesinde Ruh Problemi: Filibeli Ahmet Hilmi Örneği
İlahiyat Tetkikleri Dergisi April 30, 2026 Fatih Aydın
Şehbenderzâde Filibeli Ahmed Hilmi conceives the soul not as a function emerging from the body's complex workings but as an independent 'simple substance' (cevher-i basît) that governs the body like an instrument. His approach reconciles matter and spirit, reason and intuition, and unity and multiplicity within a holistic metaphysical framework. Drawing on Platonic, Spinozist, and Ghazalian references, he reestablishes the soul's immortality and survival not only through traditional assumptions but also with rational and intuitive foundations. This position offers a philosophical alternative to the dominant materialist and positivist currents of his period, contributing significantly to rethinking the soul's transcendence and questioning the metaphysical bases of modern consciousness.