Physiological responses to the overview effect: a virtual reality study on awe
Behaviour and Information Technology April 1, 2026 H. Anna T. van Limpt-Broers, Marie Postma, Max M. Louwerse 1 citation
Viewing Earth from space in a virtual reality simulation successfully induces the overview effect and the emotion of awe, which is associated with positive learning gains and significant changes in heart rate and heart rate variability. Peaks in skin conductance responses were also observed during the overview effect. The study measured heart activity, skin conductance, and respiration alongside questionnaire data to understand the psychophysiological effects of this complex emotion combining wonder, reverence, and fear.