The crisis of minimal self-awareness in schizophrenia: a meta-analytic review.
Schizophrenia research January 1, 2014 Ji-Won Hur, Jun Soo Kwon, Tae Young Lee et al. 165 citations
People with schizophrenia experience significant disturbances in the minimal self, particularly in the sense of body ownership and sense of agency. A meta-analysis of 25 studies (690 patients, 979 controls) found a moderate overall effect (Hedge's g = 0.51) indicating basic self-disturbance. Body ownership showed a large effect (0.91), agency a moderate effect (0.49), and self-reported subjective experiences a moderate effect (0.57). The disturbed sense of agency suggests exaggerated self-consciousness rather than a diminished sense of self. Results remained significant after correcting for publication bias.