A Comparative Study of Ibn Arabi and Al-Hallaj on Spirituality and Mysticism in Islamic Sufism
Jurnal Pendidikan Karakter October 6, 2025 Toat Haryanto
Ibn Arabi and Al-Hallaj, two major figures in Islamic Sufism, offer distinct approaches to understanding the relationship between humans and God. Ibn Arabi emphasizes a metaphysical and rational dimension through the concept of Wahdat Al-Wujūd (unity of being), while Al-Hallaj focuses on ecstatic experience and divine love. Both perspectives enrich the diversity of spiritual expression within Sufism, demonstrating the plurality of paths to closeness to God. The study uses a qualitative library method, analyzing primary works such as Ibn Arabi’s al-Futūḥāt al-Makkiyya and Fuṣūṣ al-Ḥikam, and Al-Hallaj’s Ṭawāsīn, with content and hermeneutical analysis.