Distinguishing Computational Intelligence, Sentience, and Consciousness in Artificial Systems: A Hybrid Framework and Scenario-Based Analysis
International Journal of Computer Applications May 30, 2026 Pakhee Dhanke, Shweta C. Dharmadhikari
Computational intelligence, sentience, and consciousness are distinct concepts that must be separated to advance AI development and ethics. Computational intelligence simulates rational decision-making without subjective experience, while sentient architectures model emotional states and inner conflict. Authentic self-awareness and meta-cognition differ from both computational logic and simulated feeling. A Hybrid Evaluation Framework combining Integrated Information Theory, Global Neuronal Workspace Theory, and ethical reasoning is proposed for scenario-based testing of AI systems.