Intersections of phenomenology, voice beliefs and distress in bipolar disorder: a comparison with schizophrenia.
Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy January 1, 2024 Lindsay Smith, Susan L. Rossell, Neil Thomas et al. 4 citations
Auditory verbal hallucinations (voice-hearing) cause similar levels of distress in people with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, but those with bipolar disorder are more likely to attribute the voices to internal causes. In bipolar disorder, distress is linked to beliefs that the voices are malevolent, omnipotent, and to be resisted, yet only resistance, along with manic and depressive symptoms, independently predicts distress. The findings suggest that reducing resistance to voices and addressing mood symptoms could be therapeutic targets for voice-hearing in bipolar disorder.