Lysergic Acid Diethylamide: Its Effects on a Male Asiatic Elephant
Science December 7, 1962 Louis Jolyon West, Chester M. Pierce, Warren D. Thomas 84 citations
Don Juan Pond, a saline pond in Antarctica's Wright Valley, remains unfrozen at temperatures as low as -24°C due to its extreme salinity—approximately 13.7 times that of seawater. The pond's water has a freezing point of -48°C and contains dissolved solids at 474,000 parts per million. Its high salt content likely originates from weathering of surrounding rocks and concentration through evaporation. A distinctive aerobic microbial population, consisting of bacterial rods and cocci, was found in the water and sediments; these organisms can adapt to artificial culture. The pond's deuterium levels suggest a nonmarine origin.