Medicina
September 28, 2008
Asta Kubilienė, Rūta Marksienė, Saulius Kazlauskas et al.
26 citations
Ibogaine is 2.4 times more toxic than noribogaine in mice. The median lethal dose (LD50) of ibogaine is 263 mg/kg of body mass, while noribogaine's LD50 is 630 mg/kg. At 500 mg/kg of ibogaine, all mice died; at 300 mg/kg, three out of four died; at 100 mg/kg, none died. For noribogaine, 500 mg/kg caused no deaths, 700 mg/kg killed three out of four, and 900 mg/kg killed all. Low doses of either substance did not affect mouse behavior; higher doses caused convulsions, nervous behavior, and limb paralysis.
Medicina
February 9, 2020
Adam Włodarczyk, Wiesław Jerzy Cubała
22 citations
Current treatments for major depression focus on monoaminergic drugs, which fail many patients. Treatment-resistant bipolar depression (TRBD) affects up to 33% of treated depressive patients. Ketamine, an NMDA receptor antagonist, shows promise, with effects emerging minutes to hours after a single dose. However, little data exist on ketamine's performance in TRBD patients with somatic comorbidities like cardiovascular disease, diabetes, obesity, stroke, epilepsy, or in the elderly. The literature indicates ketamine is efficacious and safe; most adverse drug reactions are mild and resolve within 30 minutes to 2 hours of administration.
Medicina
February 6, 2025
Lavinia Hogea, Dana Cătălina Tabugan, Iuliana Costea et al.
14 citations
A systematic review of 16 clinical trials from 2013 to 2023 found that psychedelic-assisted therapy, particularly with psilocybin and ayahuasca, can reduce alcohol and tobacco dependence, with psilocybin decreasing cravings and promoting long-term abstinence. Improvements in substance use reduction were significant when psychedelics were combined with psychotherapy. However, variability in dosages and study design calls for more standardized approaches. Regulatory barriers and specialized clinical training are needed to safely integrate these therapies into mainstream addiction treatment. Psychedelics offer a promising alternative for those unresponsive to conventional methods.
Medicina
March 16, 2021
Joanna Szarmach, Wiesław Jerzy Cubała, Adam Włodarczyk et al.
14 citations
Ketamine treatment for treatment-resistant depression has a good safety and tolerability profile, but patients with metabolic and cardiovascular comorbidities require risk mitigation. In a naturalistic observational study of 49 inpatients with major depressive disorder or bipolar disorder, those with hypertension showed a greater increase in systolic blood pressure after the second infusion compared to those without hypertension. Patients with diabetes mellitus had significant differences in heart rate after infusions 2, 7, and 8, and a higher increase in diastolic blood pressure. Hyperlipidemic patients experienced a greater decrease in heart rate after infusion 5 and systolic blood pressure after infusion 4. Stroke survivors had higher increases in diastolic blood pressure after infusions 4 and 6. Epilepsy patients had a greater decrease in systolic blood pressure after the 8th infusion.
Medicina
May 9, 2023
Gniewko Więckiewicz, Julia Marek, Iga Stokłosa et al.
5 citations
A large Polish survey of 1,117 drug users found that marijuana, MDMA, and hallucinogenic mushrooms are the most commonly used substances, while amphetamine use is the most common reason for seeking medical help. Over 41 percent of respondents were receiving psychiatric treatment, with depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, and ADHD being the most frequent diagnoses. Compared to two years earlier, psilocybin and DMT use increased, heated tobacco product use rose, and the percentage receiving psychiatric help nearly doubled.
Medicina
January 1, 2021
A. J. Kolgashkin, П. Н. Николаев, E. J. Tetenova et al.
1 citation
Cannabis remains the most widely used drug globally, with two recent trends: liberalization of cannabis laws in some countries and increased tetrahydrocannabinol content in the plant. This narrative review, aimed at Russian addiction specialists, examines the understudied link between cannabis use and psychotic disorders. It covers topics such as the causal relationship between cannabis and psychosis, gender differences, genetic predisposition, adolescent use, reasons for use, suicidal behavior, co-use with tobacco, and clinical treatment. The review highlights a lack of domestic Russian research on these issues, providing a general overview of the current state of knowledge.