Psilocybin (Psi) and eugenol (Eug) together reduced inflammation in human small intestinal epithelial cells. Cells were treated with inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IFN-γ, then exposed to compounds targeting serotonin 2A receptors (Psi, 4-AcO-DMT, ketanserin) or transient receptor potential channels (capsaicin, curcumin, eugenol). Alone, Psi (40 μM), curcumin (0.5 μM), and eug (50 μM) lowered COX-2 protein without killing cells. The Psi–curcumin combination synergistically cut COX-2 by 28-fold but reduced IL-6 only 1.6-fold. The Psi–eug combination produced the best results: COX-2 dropped 19-fold and IL-6 dropped 10-fold, with no toxicity at any dose. This is the first work to examine psilocybin and 4-AcO-DMT's anti-inflammatory effects in intestinal cells.
Psychedelics such as LSD, psilocybin, and MDMA show promise for treating autism spectrum disorder by promoting neuroplasticity—the brain's ability to change and adapt. These substances modulate serotonin 5-HT2A receptors and interact with other serotonergic, dopaminergic, and glutamatergic pathways, leading to structural and functional brain changes that may enhance social behavior and emotional regulation. Studies indicate psychedelics can reduce symptoms of treatment-resistant depression and PTSD, and for autism specifically, may improve psychological flexibility, reduce distress, and enhance social interaction. However, their use requires careful monitoring and ethical oversight due to intense experiences and altered states of consciousness.