Untersuchungen zur Biosynthese von Indolalkaloiden aus den Basidiomyceten der Gattung Psilocybe
Thüringer Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek January 1, 2020 Felix Blei
This doctoral thesis characterizes the biosynthesis of indole alkaloids in Psilocybe fungi, including the first description of psilocybin production and the simultaneous discovery of β-carbolines. The genome of Psilocybe cyanescens was sequenced, revealing a psilocybin biosynthesis cluster that was expressed heterologously in E. coli and A. niger. A continuous in vitro synthesis was developed by linking tryptophan synthase from P. cubensis with the psilocybin pathway, enabling biocatalytic production of psilocybin analogues, including 6-methylpsilocybin. The methyltransferase TrpM was used to characterize l-Hypaphorin biosynthesis without interfering with psilocybin methylation. β-carbolines were identified in Psilocybe fruiting bodies and mycelia, suggesting possible synergistic effects on psilocybin's psychoactivity via monoamine oxidase inhibition.