Hallucinations Induced by Psychoactive Drugs: Mechanisms, Consequences, and Therapeutic Interventions
Acta Scientific Neurology February 1, 2026
Hallucinations caused by psychoactive substances affect millions globally, arising from drugs like psilocybin, PCP, methamphetamine, and LSD. These substances alter serotonin and dopamine systems, leading to perceptual changes ranging from mild visual distortions to severe psychotic episodes, which can cause lasting psychological issues and increase mental health disorder risk. Early diagnosis requires clinical evaluations and toxicological tests to distinguish drug-induced hallucinations from primary psychiatric disorders. Treatment involves antipsychotics, cognitive behavioral therapy, counseling, detox programs, and rehab. Recent research into new treatments and harm reduction shows promise. A combined neuroscience, psychiatry, and public health approach is needed to improve understanding, prevention, and treatment.