Bufo Rana in Homeopathy: Potentization, Toxicology, Clinical Consequences, and Therapeutic Use
Ars medica tomitana February 1, 2023 Geir Bjørklund, Olha Storchylo
This paper reviews the homeopathic remedy Bufo Rana, prepared from the poison of the Bufo toad, discussing its preparation through potentization and the relevance of Avogadro's number. It describes Bufo species, their historical depictions in art, and the toxicological properties of bufotenine, tryptamine, and bufotoxin found in the toads. Clinical consequences of the venom include neurological manifestations and cardiac arrhythmias. The therapeutic use of Bufo Rana in mental and neurological conditions is explored, summarizing symptoms and relationships from William Boericke's materia medica. The authors call for further research on efficacy and safety.