Ketamine and Other Glutamate Receptor Modulating Agents for Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Iranian journal of psychiatry July 1, 2022 Ahmad Shamabadi, Ali Ahmadzade, Ali Aqamolaei et al.
A systematic review of 38 randomized controlled trials found compelling evidence that ketamine (with or without electroconvulsive therapy, intravenous or other forms), nitrous oxide, amantadine, and rislenemdaz (MK-0657) are effective for treatment-resistant depression, though results for the latter three were each based on a single study. Lithium, lanicemine, D-cycloserine, and decoglurant showed mixed results, while riluzole and 7-chlorokynurenic acid were mostly comparable to placebo. High heterogeneity among trials prevented determining the difference between statistical and clinical significance. Ketamine appears efficacious, but optimal dosage, duration, and intervals remain unclear.