Artificial Intelligence and Consciousness: Limits and Modern Perspectives
Biometrical Letters December 1, 2025 Laura Slebioda
Consciousness is defined as subjective experience or the capacity for self-reflection, while intelligence is the ability to learn, solve problems, and adapt. Weak AI, including generative models like GPT-5, Gemini 2.5, and DeepSeek-V3.2, demonstrates high-precision pattern prediction and linguistic ability but lacks genuine understanding—a feature of strong AI. The paper examines whether computational processes can constitute real thinking, referencing Gödel's incompleteness theorems, Searle's Chinese Room argument, and the Turing Test. Analysis of contemporary language models' responses to Gödelian questions and reasoning tasks shows that despite progress, the question of machine consciousness remains unresolved and is a subject of philosophical debate.