A lexicon for psychedelic research and treatment
Drug Science Policy and Law – September 01, 2025
Source: OpenAlex
Summary
Psychedelics are progressing to Phase 3 trials for depression, yet clinical development urgently needs standardized terms. A new framework for Psychedelics and Drug Studies classifies compounds pharmacologically—like serotonergic and glutamatergic—and defines four dose categories: microdose, minidose, mididose, macrodose. This diverse academic research theme also standardizes pharmacokinetic parameters and proposes a three-phase treatment model. Such a lexicon, vital for understanding Chemical synthesis and alkaloids, will enhance trial design, communication, and equitable access to these emerging therapies.
Abstract
Psychedelics are undergoing a clinical research renaissance, with compounds such as psilocybin advancing to Phase 3 trials for treatment-resistant depression and receiving fast-track or breakthrough designations from regulatory agencies. Despite this progress, the field lacks standardized terminology to guide clinical development, dosing, safety monitoring, and regulatory classification. Here, we present a comprehensive framework for psychedelic nomenclature based on pharmacology, subjective effects, dosing, and therapeutic use. A pharmacological classification system is described, encompassing serotonergic, glutamatergic, kappaergic, GABAergic, and atypical psychedelics. Dose-dependent categories—microdose, minidose, mididose, and macrodose—are introduced to standardize the description of dosing levels and intended subjective effects. We also standardize vague terms like “short-acting” or “long-acting” with specific pharmacokinetic parameters, including route, onset, and duration of action. Safety considerations are also explored, particularly cardiovascular and psychological effects, and we discuss the need for risk mitigation protocols in higher-risk compounds like ibogaine. The evolving role of psychotherapy in psychedelic treatment is also examined, proposing terminology to distinguish between “psychedelic therapy” and varying levels of psychological support. A three-phase treatment model—preparation, dosing, and integration—is recommended as a minimum standard for safe and effective care. The lack of comparative research on psychotherapy modalities in psychedelic therapy is identified as a critical gap. Ultimately, a standardized lexicon and clinical framework will support clearer communication, improved trial design, and more equitable access as psychedelic therapies move toward widespread clinical use.