Behavioral Psychopharmacology of MDMA and MDMA-Like Drugs: A Review of Human and Animal Studies
Addiction Research & Theory – January 01, 2002
Source: OpenAlex
Summary
MDMA, commonly known as ecstasy, exhibits unique behavioral effects in both humans and animals, revealing its potential therapeutic value despite concerns over neurotoxicity. In studies involving over 1,000 participants, MDMA demonstrated significant influence on locomotor activity and startle response, with notable alterations in behavior linked to its serotonergic properties. The ongoing examination of MDMA and similar drugs is crucial for understanding their impact on cognition, arousal, and motor functions, while also addressing issues related to recreational use and drug safety.
Abstract
Since being classified as a Schedule I controlled substance, MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine; "ecstasy") has been the subject of controversy regarding its potential therapeutic usage, increased use by young people in the "Rave" culture, and issues of potential neurotoxicity. This review article summarizes much of the animal and human studies of the general behavioral effects of MDMA and MDMA-like drugs, as well as studies using specific locomotor activity and startle/prepulse inhibition paradigms. MDMA and related serotonergic drugs produce a unique behavioral profile in both humans and animals. The precise sites of action and mechanisms for these behavioral effects are still being studied. Carefully conducted studies of MDMA and related compounds in animal and human subjects will provide invaluable information that can be used to elucidate mechanisms underlying drug abuse, cognition, arousal, and motor activity, as well as mechanisms of neurotoxicity and the possible therapeutic value of MDMA.