Paying Attention: An Examination of Attention and Empathy as They Relate to Buddhist Philosophy
Religions January 23, 2022 DOI: 10.3390/rel13020108 via Semantic Scholar
Summary
The COVID-19 pandemic revealed a decline in empathy for others and the planet, driven by a dualistic mind-body conception and capitalist consumerism that reifies a fixed self. This paper argues that Nagarjuna's Buddhist concept of emptiness, from the Fundamental Wisdom of the Middle Way, combined with mindful observation of bodily experience, reveals the self as a web of interacting processes within a larger web. This understanding undermines the notion of an inherent self and situates the conventional self as interrelated with the world, facilitating a shift toward empathy. The paper suggests this approach can aid recovery from the pandemic and help build a more empathetic global community.
Study at a glance
| Characteristics | Theoretical or philosophical paper Peer reviewed |
|---|---|
| Keywords | Medicine Philosophy |
| Citations | 1 |
| Key finding | Contemplating emptiness through Buddhist mindfulness techniques can facilitate empathy by revealing the self as interrelated with the world, offering a path to recover from the pandemic and build a more empathetic society. |
Abstract
The human response to the COVID-19 pandemic has exposed a concerning decline in empathy for each other and the planet. A dualistic conception of mind and body coupled with a capitalist society that requires belief in an inherent self to fuel consumerism both complicate our ability to empathize because these ideas reify our conventional self. This paper argues that an understanding of the Buddhist conception of emptiness as explored in Nagarjuna’s Fundamental Wisdom of the Middle Way (Mūlamadhyamakakārikā) paired with mindful observation of embodied physical experience can allow for an understanding of “self” as a web of interacting processes within the larger web of interacting processes which constitutes the world. This can facilitate a shift in our mode of engagement with the world towards one of empathy because it demonstrates the emptiness of essence of an inherent self and instead situates the conventional “self” as interrelated with the world. Touching on related concepts such as Thich Nhat Hanh’s interbeing, this paper argues that contemplating emptiness while practicing Buddhist mindfulness techniques rooted in bodily sensation can facilitate empathy, which allows for the possibility of not only recovering from the COVID-19 pandemic, but also of rebuilding our global community and thriving as a more empathetic society in the future.