Apophatic science: how computational modeling can explain consciousness.
Neurosci Conscious June 16, 2021 Will Bridewell, Alistair M C Isaac 4 citations
A new methodology for consciousness science treats computational models as providing negative data—information about what consciousness is not—rather than positive evidence. This approach avoids metaphysical commitments while supporting quantitative research. It combines computational modeling as an integrative framework across cognitive sciences, echoing Alan Newell's call for computer science concepts as a common language, with a validation method that uses models to constrain theories by ruling out alternatives. The methodology addresses the challenge that consciousness is inherently subjective while scientific data are intersubjective, enabling empirical investigation without resolving philosophical debates.