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Dirk de Ridder

Antwerp University Hospital

2 papers in the library · 225 citations · publishing 2007-2025

Papers

Visualizing Out-of-Body Experience in the Brain

New England Journal of Medicine October 31, 2007 Dirk de Ridder, Koen van Laere, Patrick Dupont et al. 225 citations

An out-of-body experience was repeatedly triggered by stimulating the posterior part of the right superior temporal gyrus in a patient with implanted electrodes for tinnitus. Brain scans showed activation at the right temporoparietal junction, specifically at the angular-supramarginal gyrus junction and the superior temporal gyrus-sulcus, as well as the right precuneus and posterior thalamus extending into the superior vermis. The authors suggest that activation in these regions is the neural basis for the feeling of disembodiment during an out-of-body experience.

Tinnitus, lucid dreaming and awakening. An online survey and theoretical implications

arXiv Preprint Archive April 2, 2025 Robin Guillard, Nicolas Dauman, Aurélien Cadix et al.

Most people with tinnitus do not hear their phantom sounds while dreaming. In a survey of 195 tinnitus patients, 160 could recall dreams, and 92.5% reported no tinnitus during dreams. The 7.5% who did hear tinnitus while dreaming had higher tinnitus burden and stress, and more often had objective tinnitus or tinnitus linked to peripheral auditory pathology or drug use. Among the 13% who frequently experienced lucid dreams, 36% could perceive tinnitus during those dreams, strongly associated with hearing external sounds while lucid dreaming. Most patients perceived tinnitus instantly upon waking; 18% could be awakened by it, and 9.8% reported temporary cessation during nocturnal awakenings. These findings support the idea that gating of external auditory information acts as a tinnitus on-off switch.