A new portable mass spectrometry device, PDRA-LTP-ITMS, can detect illicit drugs in saliva or urine within 5 seconds using only 10 microliters of sample. The method improves sensitivity up to 10-fold compared to some other techniques and achieves detection limits for MDMA, MDA, methamphetamine, amphetamine, ketamine, and cocaine ranging from 4.5 to 20 picograms per microliter in saliva, meeting Chinese national standards. The device's performance approaches that of a high-end laboratory mass spectrometer, offering a rapid on-site tool for identifying drug-impaired drivers.
The neural basis of conscious visual experience was investigated by combining magnetoencephalography with report and no-report masking paradigms. Early and sustained neural responses in occipital and temporal cortices began at about 60-70 milliseconds after a stimulus appeared, encoding stimulus presence and category regardless of whether participants reported what they saw. These posterior regions also showed enhanced alpha-band recurrent coupling for visible stimuli. Prefrontal cortex activity emerged only when explicit report was required, starting at about 100 milliseconds, and did not represent categorical content when reporting was absent. Long-range fronto-posterior connectivity increased selectively during report. The findings indicate that posterior cortical dynamics are sufficient to support perceptual awareness, while prefrontal cortex contributes to report-related access and global integration, supporting posterior-centered accounts of phenomenal consciousness.