Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry
January 10, 2012
Evan J. Kyzar, Christopher Collins, Siddharth Gaikwad et al.
122 citations
Mescaline and phencyclidine (PCP) dose-dependently increased top activity in the novel tank test, reduced immobility, and disrupted swimming patterns in zebrafish. PCP, but not mescaline, evoked circling behavior in the open field test. At the highest doses tested, mescaline markedly increased shoaling behavior, while PCP did not affect it. Whole-body cortisol levels were unchanged by 20 mg/l mescaline but elevated by 3 mg/l PCP. These findings indicate that zebrafish models are sensitive to hallucinogenic compounds, producing complex behavioral and physiological effects.
Behavioural brain research
January 1, 2013
Jonathan Cachat, Evan J Kyzar, Christopher Collins et al.
112 citations
Ibogaine, a psychoactive compound from the iboga plant, alters multiple behaviors in adult zebrafish. At doses of 10 and 20 mg/L, it reversed the natural diving response, causing initial top swimming followed by bottom dwelling, and reduced the innate preference for dark environments. It did not change overall locomotion or wall-hugging behavior but altered spatial exploration, promoted mirror interaction, disrupted group cohesion, and induced color changes from melanophore aggregation. Brain c-fos expression and whole-body cortisol levels remained unchanged. These results demonstrate ibogaine's complex pharmacological profile and support the use of zebrafish for studying hallucinogenic drug effects.
The FASEB Journal
April 1, 2012
Evan J. Kyzar, Christopher Collins, Jeremy Green et al.
1 citation
Mescaline and phencyclidine (PCP) alter zebrafish behavior in distinct ways, while psilocybin shows no behavioral effects at the doses tested. Mescaline (10–20 mg/L) reduces anxiety-like behavior in the novel tank test, increases shoaling, and changes movement in the open field. PCP (1–3 mg/L) decreases freezing and causes erratic swimming. Both mescaline and PCP disrupt normal exploratory behavior. Psilocybin (0.5–3 mg/L) is inactive in all behavioral tests. Psilocybin and PCP raise whole-body cortisol levels without affecting brain c-fos expression; mescaline does not alter either measure. Zebrafish models are sensitive to hallucinogenic compounds with complex behavioral and physiological effects.
Open MIND
January 1, 2015
Jonathan Cachat, Chris Collins, Evan J. Kyzar et al.
Three-dimensional reconstructions of zebrafish swimming paths enable both macro- and micro-level analysis of behavior, offering a more complete picture than traditional 2D traces. Temporal 3D reconstructions plot spatial data across time to reflect activity over testing, while spatial 3D reconstructions use two cameras to depict activity within the actual arena. These reconstructions are highly sensitive to anxiolytic, anxiogenic, and hallucinogenic effects in adult zebrafish. For example, ibogaine reversed natural behaviors, a characterization impossible without 3D reconstructions. Track3D, applied for the first time in adult zebrafish, showed strong significant correlation (R>0.07) of automated endpoints with manual data, providing precise calculation of movement parameters and accurate spatiotemporal integration. These approaches permit advanced movement pattern analysis for screening psychoactive compounds.