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Kristian Sandberg

6 papers in the library · 74 citations · publishing 2015-2025

Papers

Making sense: Dopamine activates conscious self-monitoring through medial prefrontal cortex.

Human brain mapping May 1, 2015 Morten Joensson, Kristine Rømer Thomsen, Lau M Andersen et al. 44 citations

Experiences that become meaningful to the self involve synchronous activity in a paralimbic network of self-awareness and dopaminergic activity, including medial prefrontal and medial parietal/posterior cingulate cortices. Oral administration of 100 mg dopamine improved noetic (conscious) metacognition in minimal self-awareness. In a separate experiment with extended self-awareness, dopamine improved retrieval accuracy of memories of self-judgment (autonoetic metacognition). Magnetoencephalography showed increased power of oscillations preferentially in the medial prefrontal cortex, explaining dopamine's specific effect on explicit self-awareness and autonoetic metacognition.

Studying unconscious processing: Contention and consensus.

The Behavioral and brain sciences July 22, 2025 François Stockart, Maor Schreiber, Pietro Amerio et al. 20 citations

The scope of unconscious processing remains hotly debated, driven by diverse methods for manipulating and measuring perceptual awareness. Through dialogue among researchers with varied theoretical backgrounds, ten recommendations and nine outstanding issues are provided for designing experimental paradigms, analyzing data, and reporting results. These guidelines aim to evoke discussion about norms in studying unconscious processes and help researchers make informed decisions. While some recommendations may not align with existing approaches and will likely evolve, they are intended to foster a more convergent understanding of the extent and limits of unconscious processing.

The role of mindful acceptance and lucid dreaming in nightmare frequency and distress.

Scientific reports September 21, 2022 Sofia Tzioridou, Martin Dresler, Kristian Sandberg et al. 10 citations

Nightmares are less frequent and less distressing for people who practice mindful acceptance—the ability to experience thoughts and feelings without judgment—rather than merely mindful presence, or paying attention to the present moment. Two studies, one with 338 participants and another with 187 frequent lucid dreamers who used meditation and lucid dream induction techniques, found that acceptance was more strongly linked to fewer nightmares and less nightmare distress than presence. People with high meditation expertise and practice of lucid dreaming techniques reported the lowest nightmare frequency. Among frequent lucid dreamers, more lucid dreaming was associated with higher mindfulness. The findings suggest that the two facets of mindfulness play distinct roles in dream quality, with potential clinical applications.

There can be more to consciousness research than theory testing.

Communications psychology November 26, 2025 Morten Overgaard, Peter Fazekas, Asger Kirkeby-Hinrup et al.

The field of consciousness research lacks consensus due to reliance on competing grand theories. A more productive path forward would shift focus toward construct-based, data-driven, and iterative approaches that identify empirical building blocks of conscious experience, enabling cumulative and integrative progress.

Task requirements affect the neural correlates of consciousness.

The European journal of neuroscience November 1, 2022 Lau M Andersen, Mikkel C Vinding, Kristian Sandberg et al.

The neural correlates of consciousness may not be fixed within a single brain region; instead, they can shift depending on the task a person performs. Using magnetoencephalography, researchers compared a perceptual task and a conceptual task that used identical visual stimuli. The perceptual task recruited more occipital brain activity than the conceptual task, while frontal activity varied between the two tasks in partly unexpected ways depending on the level of perceptual awareness. These results suggest that what a person is doing—the task at hand—influences which brain areas support conscious perception, challenging the idea that consciousness can be localized to a consistent set of regions.

Binocular rivalry and emotion: Implications for neural correlates of consciousness and emotional biases in conscious perception.

Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior November 1, 2019 María Hernández-Lorca, Kristian Sandberg, Dominique Kessel et al.

Conscious perception of emotional images is linked to brain activity in the visual awareness negativity (VAN) time range (130–320 ms after stimulus onset), which is the earliest neural correlate of consciousness and extends beyond simple visual features. An emotional modulation of event-related potentials—termed emotional content awareness modulation (ECAM)—appears at this VAN latency. In binocular rivalry, where neutral and emotional images compete for conscious perception, positive valence is more likely to dominate as the first percept, indicating an emotional bias toward positive content. Negative and positive emotional content modulate conscious perception differently. These findings connect early perceptual brain activity with emotional influences on what we consciously see.