Time underestimation caused by (S)-ketamine may be linked to its antidepressant effects, but this came with severe behavioral disruption. The authors propose that behavioral disruption induced by psychedelics objectively indicates their psychotomimetic-like actions.
Psilocybin shows pronounced antidepressant and pro-social effects in both Wistar-Kyoto rats, which model treatment-resistant depression, and normal Wistar rats, but with distinct time courses. The study found behavioral differences between the strains, including passive behavior and social withdrawal in Wistar-Kyoto rats. Psilocybin modulated brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling differently in each strain and altered activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein expression specifically in Wistar-Kyoto rats. These strain-specific neuroplasticity changes offer insights into the mechanisms behind psilocybin's efficacy in treatment-resistant depression.