Multianalytical investigation reveals psychotropic substances in a ptolemaic Egyptian vase.
Scientific reports November 13, 2024 Davide Tanasi, Branko F Van Oppen de Ruiter, Fiorella Florian et al. 9 citations
A liquid concoction used in 2nd-century BCE Egyptian rituals contained multiple psychoactive and medicinal substances. Analysis of residues inside a Bes-vase identified proteins, metabolites, and genetic sequences from Peganum harmala, blue water lily (Nymphaea nouchali var. caerulea), and a Cleome species, all known for psychotropic properties. Human fluids were also detected, suggesting direct human involvement in rituals. Fermented fruit-based liquid and honey or royal jelly were present. The findings reveal the complexity of ancient ritual practices and their use of bioactive natural resources.