Psychiatry research
May 1, 2024
Yuan Yao, Dan Guo, Tang-Sheng Lu et al.
126 citations
A systematic review and meta-analysis of 126 articles found that psychedelics—psilocybin, ayahuasca, LSD, and MDMA—reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety. Psilocybin showed the strongest therapeutic effect, followed by ayahuasca, MDMA, and LSD. Limited evidence also supports benefits for tobacco addiction, eating disorders, sleep disorders, borderline personality disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and body dysmorphic disorder. The most common adverse event was headache; nearly a third of articles reported no lasting adverse effects. The findings suggest psychedelics have potential efficacy in substance-use disorders and PTSD.
Translational neurodegeneration
July 25, 2025
Chonglei Fu, Xuehui Li, Xiaoxing Liu et al.
2 citations
Alzheimer's disease causes severe cognitive decline and lacks effective treatments to halt neurodegeneration or promote neuronal repair. Psychoactive substances, including central nervous system depressants and stimulants, cannabinoids, psychedelics, opioids, and ketamine, are being explored for their abilities to enhance learning and cognitive performance and potential neurorestorative functions. This review examines the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential of these compounds in Alzheimer's disease, aiming to guide future research directions.
Neurotherapeutics
January 1, 2026
Ziran Huang, Xiaoyan Wei, Yihui Wang et al.
A single dose of psilocybin, whose metabolite psilocin activates 5-HT2A receptors, induces long-term genetic and functional changes in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) of male mice. Layer 5 pyramidal neurons showed the most significant changes, including reduced expression of glutamate receptors and genes involved in excitatory synapse formation and maintenance, consistent with decreased excitatory synaptic transmission. Parvalbumin- and Somatostatin-positive inhibitory neurons showed minimal changes. Knocking down the 5-HT2A receptor in layer 5 pyramidal neurons, but not in Parvalbumin-positive inhibitory neurons, reduced psilocybin-induced functional changes and its antidepressant effect. These results reveal cell type-specific mechanisms of psilocybin and highlight brain region differences in psychedelic effects.