BMJ
January 25, 2017
Derek K. Tracy, David M. Wood, David Baumeister
117 citations
Over 900 distinct novel psychoactive substances (NPS) have been identified globally, with 85% distributed via the World Wide Web. These compounds, often mimicking cannabis, exert complex action on the brain, leading to severe adverse effects in 30% of users. Computer science aids discreet advertising, challenging Internet privacy and visitor pattern monitoring. Forensic Toxicology and Drug Analysis are vital for identification, informing Psychedelics and Drug Studies and Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research efforts to combat this evolving public health threat.
Medicine
January 31, 2018
Evangelia Liakoni, Chris Yates, Alison M. Dines et al.
38 citations
Self-reported substance use by patients arriving at emergency departments with acute recreational drug toxicity matches toxicological analysis best for heroin (86.1% agreement) and cocaine (74.1% agreement). Inhalants, poppers, and magic mushrooms were self-reported but never detected analytically. Immunoassays accurately identified methadone (100% agreement) and cocaine (95.5% agreement) but were less consistent for amphetamines (81.8% agreement). Mass spectrometry confirmed MDMA, amphetamine, methamphetamine, and new psychoactive substances in many cases where immunoassays were negative, and revealed multiple-substance use. Diagnosis of new psychoactive substance use relied primarily on self-report.
Clinical toxicology (Philadelphia, Pa.)
March 1, 2025
Joep J. J. Ouwerkerk, David M. Wood, Alison M. Dines et al.
1 citation
When 3,4-methylenedioxymetamfetamine (MDMA) is taken with alcohol, emergency department visits show higher odds of agitation, drowsiness, and vomiting compared to MDMA alone. Co-intoxication with other substances increases odds of bradycardia, psychosis, and coma. Mortality rates remain low across all groups. Female patients report less chest pain but more vomiting, headache, and hypotension than males. These variations suggest that physicians should consider both the type of co-intoxication and patient sex to optimize treatment.