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Gavin P. Schmitz

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

4 papers in the library · 43 citations · publishing 2021-2025

Papers

A suite of engineered mice for interrogating psychedelic drug actions

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) September 26, 2023 Yi-Ting Chiu, Wei Wang, Pierre Llorach et al. 15 citations preprint

Psychedelic drugs such as LSD and psilocybin show promise as treatments for depression, anxiety, PTSD, migraine, and cluster headaches by activating the 5-HT2A receptor (HTR2A). Researchers engineered several new mouse lines to study the role of HTR2A and the neurons that express it. One line allows visualization of the receptor and identification of HTR2A-containing cells, providing a detailed anatomical map. Another line has a humanized version of the receptor, and a third enables targeted genetic manipulation. The mice exhibited expected behavioral responses to psychedelics, confirming their usefulness. Electrophysiology showed that serotonin increases firing of specific pyramidal neurons through HTR2A, consistent with the receptor's location on the cell surface. These tools will help clarify how psychedelics work at molecular, cellular, and behavioral levels.

Psychedelic compounds directly excite 5-HT 2A Layer 5 Pyramidal Neurons in the Prefrontal Cortex through a 5-HT 2A Gq -mediated activation mechanism

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) November 15, 2022 Gavin P. Schmitz, Yi-Ting Chiu, Gabriele M. König et al. 15 citations preprint

Psilocin, the active compound in psilocybin mushrooms, activates serotonin 2A receptors (5-HT2ARs) in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), but its specific effects on PFC neurons were unclear. Using slice electrophysiology in mice, researchers found that psilocin application onto layer 5 pyramidal neurons in the prelimbic PFC produced variable firing changes (increase, decrease, or no change) in unspecific neurons. However, in neurons identified as expressing 5-HT2ARs, psilocin consistently increased firing without altering synaptic transmission. The results demonstrate that psilocin evokes strong, 5-HT2AR- and Gαq-dependent firing changes in the PFC, offering insights into how psychedelics affect a brain region key to their therapeutic actions.

Psychedelic compounds directly excite 5-HT2A layer V medial prefrontal cortex neurons through 5-HT2A Gq activation

Translational Psychiatry October 6, 2025 Gavin P. Schmitz, Yi-Ting Chiu, Mia L. Foglesong et al. 13 citations

Psilocybin's active metabolite psilocin increases activity in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), a brain region rich in 5-HT2A receptors. A specific population of neurons in the prelimbic/anterior cingulate mPFC that express these receptors becomes more excitable and fires more in response to psilocin and a selective 5-HT2A receptor compound, effects dependent on both the receptor and Gα q signaling. A novel non-hallucinogenic psychedelic compound produced similar effects. These results point to membrane-bound 5-HT2A receptors and intracellular Gα q signaling as potential therapeutic targets for psychedelic-associated plasticity.

Pharmacologic analysis of non-synonymous coding 5-HT2A SNPs reveals alterations psychedelic drug potencies and efficacies

bioRxiv Preprint Server December 9, 2021 Gavin P. Schmitz, Manish K. Jain, Samuel T. Slocum et al. preprint

Random genetic variations in the serotonin 2A receptor can modestly alter how four commonly used psychedelic drugs activate this receptor, with effects that differ depending on the specific drug. Seven naturally occurring receptor variants were tested in the lab; each showed small but statistically significant changes in drug potency and efficacy. These findings suggest that individual genetic differences may influence responses to psychedelic medications.