Brain Research Bulletin
March 11, 2016
Elisabet Domínguez‐clavé, Joaquim Soler, Matilde Elices et al.
220 citations
Ayahuasca, a tea made from the vine Banisteriopsis caapi and often combined with Psychotria viridis leaves, induces a transient altered state of consciousness marked by introspection, visions, enhanced emotions, and personal memory recall. Its psychoactive effects come from N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT), a 5-HT2A receptor agonist, and β-carboline alkaloids that inhibit monoamine oxidase. A growing body of evidence suggests ayahuasca may help treat substance use disorders, anxiety, and depression. The review discusses how ayahuasca intake increases mindfulness facets related to acceptance and detached observation of thoughts and emotions. The authors conclude ayahuasca shows promise for enhancing self-acceptance and enabling safe exposure to emotional events, potentially useful for impulse-related, personality, and substance use disorders and trauma, though more research is needed.
Psychopharmacology
November 27, 2015
Joaquim Soler, Matilde Elices, Alba Franquesa et al.
212 citations
Ayahuasca, a psychotropic plant tea containing DMT and β-carboline alkaloids, increases mindfulness capacities within 24 hours of a single session. In 25 individuals, ayahuasca significantly reduced judgmental processing of experiences and inner reactivity, as measured by the Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire, and increased decentering ability, as measured by the Experiences Questionnaire. These changes match those seen after extensive mindfulness practice and support the tea's therapeutic potential, particularly for addiction and depression.
The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology
May 17, 2017
Frederic Sampedro, Mario de la Fuente Revenga, Marta Valle et al.
205 citations
A single dose of ayahuasca reduced glutamate+glutamine, creatine, and N-acetylaspartate+N-acetylaspartylglutamate in the posterior cingulate cortex of 16 healthy volunteers, measured post-acutely with magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Connectivity increased between the posterior and anterior cingulate cortex, and between the anterior cingulate cortex and limbic structures in the right medial temporal lobe. Reduced glutamate+glutamine correlated with higher scores on the nonjudging subscale of the Five Facets Mindfulness Questionnaire, and increased anterior cingulate cortex-medial temporal lobe connectivity correlated with higher self-compassion scores. Post-acute neural changes predicted sustained elevations in nonjudging two months later, suggesting glutamate neurotransmission and altered default mode network connectivity underlie ayahuasca's psychological effects.
Frontiers in Pharmacology
March 20, 2018
Joaquim Soler, Matilde Elices, Elisabet Domínguez‐clavé et al.
104 citations
A single weekend of four ayahuasca sessions improved the capacity for non-judgmental acceptance as much as an eight-week mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) course, though MBSR produced larger overall gains in mindfulness. Both interventions were tested in separate groups of ten participants each. MBSR training led to greater increases in overall mindfulness scores and in a composite index sensitive to meditation practice. However, ayahuasca sessions induced comparable increases specifically in the Non-Judging subscale of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, which measures acceptance—the ability to take a detached, less judgmental stance toward distressing thoughts and emotions. The findings suggest that a small number of ayahuasca sessions can improve acceptance as effectively as longer, costlier interventions.
Psychopharmacology
November 7, 2018
Elisabet Domínguez‐clavé, Joaquim Soler, Juan Carlos Pascual et al.
81 citations
A single session of ayahuasca improved emotion regulation and mindfulness-related capacities in 45 volunteers. Participants showed significant increases in observing, acting with awareness, non-judging, and non-reacting on the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire, as well as improvements in decentering and reductions in emotional non-acceptance, emotional interference, and lack of control on the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Among the 12 participants with borderline personality disorder (BPD)-like traits, improvements were seen in emotional interference and lack of control but not in mindfulness capacities. The findings suggest ayahuasca may have therapeutic potential for emotion dysregulation, including in individuals with BPD.
Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental
August 19, 2021
Elisabet Domínguez‐clavé, Joaquim Soler, Matilde Elices et al.
30 citations
A single ayahuasca ceremony led to significant improvements in self-compassion, self-criticism, and self-reassurance among 45 volunteers, with medium to large effect sizes. The findings suggest that ayahuasca may promote well-being and could have therapeutic potential for individuals with negative affect or psychopathological conditions. Most participants had used ayahuasca before. Large, controlled studies are needed to confirm these results.
Human Psychopharmacology Clinical and Experimental
May 1, 2026
María Arqueros, J L Fayos Soler, Ausiàs Cebolla et al.
Ego dissolution, a temporary state of reduced self-referential processing and increased unity with the environment, can be modulated by both psychedelics like ayahuasca and contemplative practices like meditation. In a comparison of 37 ayahuasca users and 137 meditators, meditators scored significantly higher on the 'Delusion of Me' index, which measures acceptance, decentering, and non-attachment. While meditation practice showed a significant non-linear association with cumulative practice and higher scores, repeated ayahuasca exposure showed no evidence of a cumulative association with the index in this sample.
January 1, 2021
Marta Valle, Elisabet Domínguez‐clavé, Matilde Elices et al.
Ayahuasca shows promise in enhancing mindfulness, with a study involving 100 participants revealing that 75% reported significant improvements in psychological well-being after use. Neuroscience insights indicate that psychedelics like ayahuasca can alter brain connectivity, fostering emotional resilience. In a separate analysis of 200 psychotherapists, 80% acknowledged incorporating mindfulness techniques into their practices, suggesting a growing acceptance of these approaches. Additionally, emerging cannabinoid research highlights potential synergies between cannabis and psychedelics in therapeutic settings, offering new avenues for mental health treatment.