Ecstasy (MDMA) Deaths in New York City: A Case Series and Review of the Literature
Journal of Forensic Sciences January 1, 2002 James R. Gill, Jude R. Hayes, Ian S. Desouza et al. 77 citations
Between 1997 and 2000, the New York City Office of Chief Medical Examiner recorded 22 deaths in which MDMA (ecstasy) was detected. Thirteen of these deaths resulted from acute drug intoxication, seven from mechanical injuries such as blunt trauma or gunshot wounds, and two from a combination of natural disease and drug intoxication. Recent opiate or cocaine use was found in seven of the acute intoxication deaths but in none of the traumatic or combined natural disease and intoxication deaths. All decedents were White, aged 17 to 41 years, and 18 of the 22 were men.