Determination of the Designer Drugs 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine, 3,4-Methylenedioxyethylamphetamine, and 3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine with HPLC and Fluorescence Detection in Whole Blood, Serum, Vitreous Humor, and Urine
Clinical Chemistry December 1, 2000 Karine M. Clauwaert, Jan F. van Bocxlaer, Els A. de Letter et al. 68 citations
A method using high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection, confirmed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, accurately measures the designer drugs MDMA, MDEA, and their metabolite MDA in whole blood, serum, vitreous humor, and urine. The method is linear from 2 to 1000 μg/L for blood, serum, and vitreous humor, and from 0.1 to 5 mg/L for urine, with detection limits as low as 0.8 μg/L. Extraction recoveries exceed 70%, and imprecision ranges from 2.5% to 19%. In a rabbit thanatochemical distribution study, serum MDMA concentrations ranged from 5.3 to 685 μg/L, and whole blood MDMA from 19.7 to 710 μg/L. For routine toxicology urine samples, MDMA concentrations reached up to 157 mg/L.