Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis
May 28, 2019
Christina Grumann, Kerstin Henkel, Alexander Stratford et al.
27 citations
1-propionyl-LSD (1P-LSD), an uncontrolled derivative of LSD, requires sensitive detection methods due to its high potency. A validated LC-MS/MS method quantified 1P-LSD and LSD in urine and serum with a calibration range of 0.015-0.4 ng mL⁻¹ and limits of detection and quantification at 0.005 and 0.015 ng mL⁻¹, respectively. Stability tests showed 1P-LSD remained stable in samples stored at -20 °C, 5 °C, or room temperature for up to five days, but LSD formed at room temperature (up to 21% in serum), likely from enzymatic hydrolysis. Sodium fluoride prevented this conversion. In an intoxication case, only LSD was detected: 0.51 ng mL⁻¹ in urine and 3.4 ng mL⁻¹ in serum, suggesting rapid in-vivo hydrolysis of 1P-LSD to LSD.
Das Gesundheitswesen
June 14, 2016
Jörg Pietsch, K. Scheffel, Daniela Acquarone et al.
2 citations
Tropane alkaloid-containing plants, especially Angel's trumpet, are the most commonly abused biogenic drugs reported to German Poison Information Centres, followed by psilocybin-containing mushrooms and nutmeg. Among 602 reported exposures from 2007-2013, 52% involved tropane alkaloid plants, 25% psilocybin mushrooms, and 10% nutmeg. Adolescents predominantly abused tropane alkaloid plants, while young adults used psilocybin mushrooms and school children used nutmeg. Over half of tropane alkaloid exposures caused moderate to severe effects, and more than 90% of cases involving tropane alkaloid or psilocybin plants required hospital surveillance. Common symptoms included dilated pupils, hallucinations, rapid heart rate, and agitation. Nutmeg abuse cases unexpectedly increased over the study period, while overall abuse of biogenic drugs declined, possibly due to competition from synthetic designer drugs.
Clinical Toxicology
March 4, 2026
L. Hondebrink, Katrin Faber, Aza Kader et al.
1 citation
Recreational drug poisonings reported to six European poison centres increased significantly between 2021 and 2024, although they represented only about 3% of all calls. The total number of cases rose from 5,619 in 2021 to 7,229 in 2024, with the largest increases observed in Austria, Freiburg (Germany), and the United Kingdom. The most frequently implicated drugs were delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), cocaine, amfetamine, and MDMA. Rising rates were seen for THC in Austria and Freiburg; cocaine in Freiburg and the UK; amfetamine in Freiburg and Sweden; and ketamine in Austria, Freiburg, and the UK. In 2024, amfetamine poisonings peaked in Freiburg (0.63%) and Sweden (0.94%), cocaine in Freiburg (0.78%) and the UK (0.74%), and ketamine in the Netherlands (0.42%) and the UK (0.24%). Coordinated European monitoring could support timely public health interventions.