Sense of reality, metacognition, and culture in schizophrenic and drug-induced hallucinations
Oxford University Press eBooks May 24, 2018 Martin Fortier 8 citations
Hallucinations have sensory content and a sense that the content is real. Some models of schizophrenic hallucination attribute both to metacognitive dysfunction. This chapter argues the sense of reality is not a single thing and should be divided into distinct kinds. Monitoring-based models fail to explain important aspects of hallucinations. The main mechanisms of serotoninergic hallucinogens are not metacognitive, while anticholinergic hallucinogens tap into subpersonal metacognitive processes. Among Amazonian indigenous groups using ayahuasca, cultural expectations can either exploit or ignore the metacognitive properties of hallucinogenic experiences.