Editorial: Psychedelic-assisted psychotherapies: from clinical trials to credibility
Frontiers in Neuroscience March 23, 2026 Malkanthi Evans, Andrew Charrette
Psychedelic therapies show promise for treatment-resistant depression, PTSD, anxiety, and substance-use disorders, but significant methodological and ethical challenges remain. Issues include inadequate masking in trials, expectancy effects, and reproducibility concerns. Early-phase studies indicate rapid symptom improvement, supported by neuroimaging insights, but large multisite trials with harmonized protocols and long-term follow-up are still needed. The role of psychotherapy in psychedelic-assisted treatment is debated; some developers include only psychological support. Subjective aesthetic experiences—perceptual richness, emotional resonance, beauty—are strongly linked to emotional breakthroughs and clinical outcomes. Neuroimaging shows DMT modulates brain connectivity in socio-emotional circuits. Psilocybin promotes emotional openness and cognitive flexibility. Future research must clarify mechanisms, optimize protocols, and ensure safety and generalizability.