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Kristjan Kaup

University of Tartu

3 papers in the library · 9 citations · publishing 2022-2024

Papers

Psychedelic replications in virtual reality and their potential as a therapeutic instrument: an open-label feasibility study

July 5, 2022 Kristjan Kaup, Madis Vasser, Kadi Tulver et al. 7 citations preprint

A 2-day virtual reality intervention called Psyrreal, designed to mimic the phenomenological components of psychedelic experiences, combined with psychological support, led to significant decreases in depressive symptoms at a 2-week follow-up in ten participants with mild-to-moderate depression. The intervention also appeared to promote insight and alterations in the sense of self in some people, based on thematic analysis of semi-structured interviews. These preliminary results suggest potential for VR experiences in treating depressive symptoms and warrant further research.

Facilitating real-life creative insight through psychedelic virtual reality

May 28, 2023 Timo Siimon, Kadi Tulver, Kristjan Kaup et al. 2 citations preprint

A psychedelic virtual reality environment, which replicates visual content experienced under the influence of psychedelics, helped people stuck on a real-life creative problem reach new insights more effectively than a control VR environment. The thematic analysis indicated that the psychedelic VR supported several aspects of creative insight, likely by relaxing the person's fixed assumptions about their problem. The results are encouraging but need to be tested in larger studies.

The road to Aha: a recipe for mental breakthroughs

February 12, 2024 Kadi Tulver, Kristjan Kaup, Jaan Aru preprint

A new framework proposes that diverse mental breakthroughs—from everyday problem-solving insights to profound personal transformations—share common mechanisms of representational change. The model identifies three core components—tension, altered salience, and enhanced flexibility—as prerequisites for cognitive restructuring, interacting in an iterative cycle that influences insight emergence. The intensity and impact of an 'aha-moment' depend on how central the conflict is within one's conceptual landscape and the degree to which existing mental models are challenged. Drawing on psychotherapy, contemplative science, and psychedelic research, this theoretical account aims to unify explanations of insight phenomena across disciplines.