Varieties of the extended self.
Consciousness and cognition October 1, 2020 Richard Heersmink 56 citations
The boundaries of selves are fluid, shifting across biological, artifactual, and sociocultural structures. This analysis distinguishes minimal self, person, and narrative self, then surveys how philosophers, psychologists, and cognitive scientists argue that embodiment, cognition, emotion, consciousness, and moral character can be extended, with implications for self-boundaries. It reviews criticisms of the extended self and focuses on the link between the extended mind and extended self, which has received the most attention, while also discussing accounts developed independently. The article concludes by drawing out conceptual, methodological, and normative implications and suggesting directions for future research.