Substance use disorders (SUDs) in Latin America and the Caribbean: a narrative review of native medicinal plants as alternative therapies
Beni-Suef University Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences June 20, 2025 Danladi Chiroma Husaini, Joel H. Chiroma, Innocent Ejiofor Nwachukwu et al.
A review of native medicinal plants from Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) identified 12 species from 10 families traditionally used to manage substance use disorders (SUDs). These plants, including Banisteriopsis caapi and Hypericum perforatum, may work through mechanisms such as GABergic activity, opioid receptor interaction, neurotransmitter modulation, NMDA receptor antagonism, antioxidant/anti-inflammatory effects, or enhancement of neuroplasticity. Preclinical and clinical studies suggest these plants can curb cravings and mitigate withdrawal symptoms. However, clinical validation remains limited, revealing a gap between traditional use and scientific evidence.