Chronic, high-dose recreational ketamine use is associated with dependence and long-term complications affecting the urinary tract, nervous system, mental health, and liver. This narrative review describes these complications and emphasizes the need for clinicians to recognize them early for proper investigation and management.
Children who received esketamine before bronchoalveolar lavage under general anesthesia had significantly lower postoperative stress indicators than those who received no preoperative medication. In a matched analysis of 46 children per group, all measured stress responses were reduced. The findings suggest that preoperative esketamine can ease stress and improve recovery in pediatric patients undergoing this procedure.