How to Change Minds Ethically: Doxastic Vulnerability, Epistemic Harm Reduction, and the Role of Therapists in Psychedelic Therapy
Journal of Applied Philosophy October 24, 2025 Christoph Bublitz 3 citations
Psychedelics can change minds by destabilizing the neurobiology of belief systems, raising ethical and epistemic concerns. This article argues for a skeptical attitude toward beliefs formed under psychedelic influence, contrasting with common epistemic practices in the field. It proposes four norms for ethically altering others' beliefs, based on outcomes and processes. The concept of 'doxastic vulnerability' describes heightened susceptibility to belief change, as induced by psychedelics. Placing people in this state creates responsibilities to prevent or mitigate harm, motivating epistemic harm reduction in psychedelic therapy. This supports a more active role for therapists as epistemic guides, contrary to recent calls for a passive non-directive stance.