Halluzinogene, Amphetamine und Entactogene

MDMA and its analogues are amphetamine derivatives that produce an altered emotional state. For over a decade, ecstasy has been the second most common recreational drug among young adults, especially in the techno scene, after cannabis. A recent survey indicates a shift toward classic amphetamine and hallucinogen use, possibly due to concerns about ecstasy's neurotoxicity and somatic risks. Among hallucinogens, psilocybin mushrooms and LSD are most used. This review summarizes the psychological and somatic effects of hallucinogens, amphetamines, and entactogens.

Study at a glance

Abstract

MDMA ("Ecstasy") and its analogues such as MDE and MDA are amphetamine derivatives reported to produce an altered state with emotional overtones. Since more than ten years, ecstasy is after cannabis the most frequently used recreational drug by young adults, particularly in the so-called techno-scene. However, according to a recent survey there is an increasing trend for a revival of classic amphetamine and hallucinogen abuse, possibly due to the concern about the potential neurotoxicity and somatic risks associated with ecstasy use. Of the hallucinogens consumed, psilocybin containing mushroom ("magic mushrooms"), but also LSD are at the forefront. The present contribution summarizes the psychological and somatic effects of hallucinogens, amphetamines, and entactogens.