1349 results for "Set and Setting"
Ibogaine-associated cardiac arrest and death: case report and review of the literature.
Therapeutic advances in psychopharmacology – April 01, 2016
Summary
While ibogaine shows promise for opiate withdrawal, its medication effects demand careful consideration. One case revealed ibogaine use directly led to cardiac arrest and death, highlighting significant risks. Clinicians must understand these potential dangers to provide informed counseling and ensure patient safety.
Abstract
A naturally occurring hallucinogenic plant alkaloid, ibogaine has been used as an adjuvant for opiate withdrawal for the past 50 years. In the sett...
Salvinorin A, a kappa-opioid receptor agonist hallucinogen: pharmacology and potential template for novel pharmacotherapeutic agents in neuropsychiatric disorders
Frontiers in Pharmacology – September 08, 2015
Summary
A potent hallucinogen, Salvinorin A, uniquely targets the κ-opioid receptor (KOPr) with high efficacy, making it the only selective agonist widely available. This pharmacology reveals KOPr and its neuropeptide ligands, dynorphins, profoundly influence perception and mood, as animal physiology models show activation causes aversion. Salvinorin A's novel chemical structure offers new medicine. Scientists are developing partial agonist analogs to harness KOPr-mediated benefits, potentially for pain mechanisms and treatments, advancing receptor mechanisms and signaling.
Abstract
Salvinorin A is a potent hallucinogen, isolated from the ethnomedical plant Salvia divinorum. Salvinorin A is a selective high efficacy kappa-opioi...
The subjective experience of acute, experimentally-induced Salvia divinorum inebriation.
Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) – April 01, 2015
Summary
**Salvia divinorum**, a unique **hallucinogen**, rapidly alters **consciousness**. Researchers used **qualitative research** with 30 participants in a double-blind trial to explore its subjective effects. They found this plant's active compound, **salvinorin A**, profoundly changes perception and self-awareness. Its distinct **pharmacology** targets **kappa opioid receptors**, explaining its unique **neuropharmacology** compared to other **psychedelics**. This work offers a foundational understanding of its intense, rapid impact, shedding light on how such substances interact with the brain.
Abstract
This study examined the overall psychological effects of inebriation facilitated by the naturally-occurring plant hallucinogen Salvia divinorum usi...
hERG Blockade by Iboga Alkaloids.
Cardiovascular toxicology – January 01, 2016
Summary
While some iboga alkaloids used in addiction treatment can pose cardiac risks, a rationally designed derivative offers a safer alternative. Research explored how various iboga alkaloid compounds interact with hERG channels, crucial for heart rhythm. It was found that ibogaine and its metabolite noribogaine significantly block these channels, raising toxicology concerns. However, 18-methoxycoronaridine (18-mc) showed remarkably minimal hERG blockade, despite similar binding. This positive finding suggests 18-mc could offer therapeutic benefits with a much-reduced risk of heart complications.
Abstract
The iboga alkaloids are a class of naturally occurring and synthetic compounds, some of which modify drug self-administration and withdrawal in hum...
Fatalities temporally associated with the ingestion of ibogaine.
Journal of forensic sciences – March 01, 2012
Summary
While ibogaine is used for substance use, a review of deaths linked to its ingestion revealed no unique neurotoxic syndrome. An examination of 19 fatalities outside West Central Africa showed that most (12 of 14 with adequate data) were attributable to advanced pre-existing medical conditions, mainly cardiovascular, or the presence of other commonly abused substances. Risk factors also included seizures from alcohol/benzodiazepine withdrawal and uninformed use. This highlights the importance of medical screening.
Abstract
Ibogaine is a naturally occurring psychoactive plant alkaloid that is used globally in medical and nonmedical settings for opioid detoxification an...
Ibogaine and the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase.
Journal of ethnopharmacology – February 15, 2012
Summary
Ibogaine, a compound explored for addiction treatment, was tested for its interaction with acetylcholinesterase, an enzyme vital for nerve function. Researchers confirmed ibogaine does inhibit this enzyme, but only at very high concentrations. This inhibition is physiologically negligible, indicating it doesn't explain ibogaine's observed effects in the body or pose a significant toxicological concern.
Abstract
Ibogaine is a psychoactive monoterpine indole alkaloid extracted from the root bark of Tabernanthe iboga Baill. that is used globally in medical an...
Forensic analysis of Salvia divinorum using multivariate statistical procedures. Part II: association of adulterated samples to S. divinorum.
Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry – January 01, 2012
Summary
Forensic labs can now confidently identify hallucinogenic *Salvia divinorum* even when hidden among other plants. Scientists simulated adulterated samples, combining *Salvia divinorum* extracts with common plant materials like tobacco and cannabis. Through chemical analysis and advanced statistical evaluations, including principal components analysis, they successfully developed procedures. The findings confirm these methods robustly associate complex mixtures with pure *Salvia divinorum*, offering powerful tools for forensic identification.
Abstract
Salvia divinorum is a plant material that is of forensic interest due to the hallucinogenic nature of the active ingredient, salvinorin A. In this ...
Treating drug dependence with the aid of ibogaine: a retrospective study.
Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England) – November 01, 2014
Summary
Lasting recovery from drug dependence, including cocaine and crack addiction, is often elusive. However, a review of 75 individuals explored ibogaine's potential. Administered with psychotherapy, ibogaine showed no serious side effects, with a remarkable 61% achieving abstinence. Those receiving multiple ibogaine treatments experienced significantly longer periods of freedom from dependence, demonstrating its safety and efficacy in facilitating prolonged recovery.
Abstract
Ibogaine is an alkaloid purported to be an effective drug dependence treatment. However, its efficacy has been hard to evaluate, partly because it ...
Forensic analysis of Salvia divinorum using multivariate statistical procedures. Part I: discrimination from related Salvia species.
Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry – January 01, 2012
Summary
*Salvia divinorum*, a *hallucinogenic* plant, possesses a unique chemical signature. Researchers aimed to develop a reliable method for its *discrimination* from related species, crucial for *forensic* analysis. They extracted *salvinorin A* and other compounds from various *Salvia* plants, analyzing them with advanced chemical profiling. By applying sophisticated multivariate *statistical procedures*, they achieved clear and objective *discrimination*. The results successfully demonstrated a robust method to identify *Salvia divinorum*, offering significant advantages for law enforcement.
Abstract
Salvia divinorum is a hallucinogenic herb that is internationally regulated. In this study, salvinorin A, the active compound in S. divinorum, was ...
Recent national trends in Salvia divinorum use and substance-use disorders among recent and former Salvia divinorum users compared with nonusers.
Substance abuse and rehabilitation – April 01, 2011
Summary
Salvia divinorum use rose 83% from 2006-2008, a significant trend among young adults (18-25). Analyzing national survey data from over 166,000 individuals revealed that recent and former users were more likely to be male, live in large cities, and have a history of arrests or depression. Polydrug use emerged as the strongest predictor. Crucially, 43% of recent users had a substance-use disorder, far exceeding nonusers (2.5%). These insights highlight the strong link between Salvia divinorum use and broader substance use issues, underscoring important public health considerations.
Abstract
CONTEXT: Media and scientific reports have indicated an increase in recreational use of Salvia divinorum. Epidemiological data are lacking on the t...
Development of an enzyme immunoassay using a monoclonal antibody against the psychoactive diterpenoid salvinorin A.
Journal of natural products – September 27, 2013
Summary
Detecting Salvinorin A, a potent psychoactive compound from Salvia divinorum, is now simpler and more accurate. Scientists created a targeted monoclonal antibody and developed an ELISA test. This innovative method precisely identifies Salvinorin A and related compounds. Validated tests confirmed it is a highly reliable, sensitive, and accurate tool for plant analysis, offering a valuable way to identify Salvia divinorum.
Abstract
Salvinorin A (1), the main active constituent in Salvia divinorum, is a highly selective kappa-opioid receptor agonist with hallucinogenic effects,...
Ibogaine in the treatment of substance dependence.
Current drug abuse reviews – March 01, 2013
Summary
Remarkably, a compound from an African plant may significantly ease drug withdrawal and cravings. Preclinical findings strongly suggest this substance can lessen withdrawal symptoms and reduce drug cravings, offering a promising avenue for treating substance dependence. While safety considerations are being addressed, ongoing research is exploring its potential as an anti-addictive treatment in humans, highlighting its positive impact on addiction recovery.
Abstract
Ibogaine is a psychoactive alkaloid derived from Tabernanthe iboga, a plant used in initiatory rituals in West Central Africa. Largely because of i...
Identification and characterization of 2,5-dimethoxy-4-nitro-β-phenethylamine (2C-N)--a new member of 2C-series of designer drug.
Forensic science international – October 10, 2012
Summary
Accurately identifying novel synthetic drugs is paramount. Scientists successfully characterized 2C-N, a new designer drug discovered in a seized powder. Employing advanced techniques like mass spectrometry, infrared, and NMR spectroscopy, they precisely determined its molecular structure and mass. This robust analytical approach proved highly effective in confirming the identity of this emerging substance.
Abstract
The online sale of psychoactive substances, including hallucinogens, is becoming a serious problem in many countries. This paper presents and discu...
Metabolic plasticity and the energy economizing effect of ibogaine, the principal alkaloid of Tabernanthe iboga.
Journal of ethnopharmacology – August 30, 2012
Summary
Despite an initial energy cost, a natural compound from the iboga plant surprisingly makes cells more resilient. Researchers investigated how this compound, known for its anti-addiction potential, affects cellular metabolism. Using yeast models, they measured energy output and oxidative stress. Findings revealed an initial increase in energy consumption, yet overall cellular stress significantly decreased, suggesting it stimulates the body's natural defense systems rather than acting as a direct antioxidant. This metabolic remodeling ultimately enhances energy efficiency, reduces damage, and improves overall fitness, offering beneficial support for health and recovery, including addiction.
Abstract
The root bark of iboga plant-Tabernanthe iboga has been used traditionally in Central Africa as a psychoactive substance in religious rituals, whil...
College student use of Salvia divinorum.
Drug and alcohol dependence – April 01, 2008
Summary
Surprisingly, nearly 1 in 20 U.S. college students reported using Salvia divinorum in the past year. An online survey of 1516 students at a major university precisely mapped this emerging trend. The data clearly showed that use was more prevalent among specific groups, including males and fraternity members, offering valuable insights into patterns of substance use within student communities.
Abstract
Salvia divinorum (salvia) is a plant that appears to be enjoying increased popularity as a legal hallucinogen in many U.S. jurisdictions. While the...
The ibogaine medical subculture.
Journal of ethnopharmacology – January 04, 2008
Summary
Thousands globally have turned to ibogaine for addiction treatment. A survey of non-clinical providers revealed over 3,400 individuals used it by 2006, a fourfold increase in five years. Notably, 68% sought it for substance disorders, with 53% specifically targeting opioid withdrawal. This highlights ibogaine's significant potential in managing opioid withdrawal, supported by pharmacological insights.
Abstract
Ibogaine is a naturally occurring psychoactive indole alkaloid that is used to treat substance-related disorders in a global medical subculture, an...
Subjective effects of Salvia divinorum.
Journal of psychoactive drugs – June 01, 2007
Summary
Understanding traditional ritualistic context significantly enhances the visionary effects of Salvia divinorum. Researchers gathered insights from 10 users via email interviews to explore these subjective experiences. While individual effects vary, a key finding suggests that familiarity with the plant's indigenous use fosters a richer, more profound encounter. This highlights how cultural immersion can positively shape individual perception.
Abstract
Salvia divinorum is a hallucinogenic plant native to Mexico, where the Mazatec Indians use it in divinatory rituals as a facilitator for contacting...
Neo-clerodane diterpenes from the hallucinogenic sage Salvia divinorum.
Journal of natural products – December 01, 2006
Summary
The unique properties of *Salvia divinorum*, a sage celebrated for its potent effects, are rooted in its intricate chemistry. Recently, researchers achieved a significant breakthrough, uncovering several previously unknown compounds within this remarkable plant. The aim was to identify and characterize specific chemical components, particularly a class known as neo-clerodane diterpenes. Using advanced spectroscopic techniques, the team successfully isolated an impressive total of 22 distinct compounds. Crucially, seven entirely new neo-clerodane diterpenes were identified, including salvidivins A-D, salvinorins H-I, and divinatorin F. The precise molecular structures of these novel compounds were meticulously determined, alongside the confirmation of several known active compounds. This work significantly expands our understanding of the complex chemical makeup of *Salvia divinorum*, revealing a wealth of unique natural products that contribute to its distinctive characteristics.
Abstract
Seven new neo-clerodane diterpenes, salvidivins A (2), B, (3), C (4), and D (5), salvinorins H (6) and I (7), and divinatorin [corrected] F (8), al...
Ibogaine signals addiction genes and methamphetamine alteration of long-term potentiation.
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences – June 01, 2002
Summary
The brain's crucial ability to form lasting connections can be disrupted by psychostimulants like methamphetamine. Researchers explored how methamphetamine alters brain function at a genetic level, discovering its impact on brain plasticity is similar to cocaine. Intriguingly, a natural compound, ibogaine, was found to broadly regulate these stimulant-induced signals. This suggests ibogaine positively influences specific addiction genes, offering a promising avenue for understanding and potentially treating the complex genetic underpinnings of addiction.
Abstract
The mapping of the human genetic code will enable us to identify potential gene products involved in human addictions and diseases that have heredi...
Combating substance abuse with ibogaine: pre- and posttreatment recommendations and an example of successive model fitting analyses.
Journal of psychoactive drugs – June 01, 2004
Summary
Imagine a natural compound from an African shrub, ibogaine, easing drug withdrawal and cravings. This work highlights how structured support strategies, both before and after treatment, can significantly boost ibogaine's effectiveness against substance abuse. By re-examining past results using advanced analytical techniques, clear connections emerged between initial patient conditions and positive recovery outcomes. This approach offers a powerful way to understand and improve long-term success, stressing the critical role of comprehensive care in achieving better treatment results.
Abstract
Ibogaine is an indole alkaloid derived from the root bark of the African shrub Tabernan the iboga and it has been used for many years as a medicina...
2C-B: a new psychoactive phenylethylamine recently discovered in Ecstasy tablets sold on the Swiss black market.
Journal of analytical toxicology – September 01, 1998
Summary
Unexpectedly, a potent psychoactive substance, 2C-B, has been definitively identified in illicit tablets. Sophisticated lab tests, including detailed chemical analysis, confirmed its presence. Each tablet contained 3-8 mg of 2C-B, a quantity sufficient to induce its characteristic effects. This finding highlights the emergence of new psychoactive compounds on the black market.
Abstract
This study sought to identify, by means of several analytical methods (GC-MS, HPLC-DAD, CE-DAD, FTIR, and NMR), 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxyphenethylamine...
Nerve terminal effects of indoleamine psychotomimetics on 5-hydroxytryptamine.
Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews – January 01, 1982
Summary
Indoleamine hallucinogens significantly elevate serotonin (5-HT) levels in the brain, particularly at nerve endings and synaptic vesicles. In a study with multiple hallucinogens, only LSD showed pronounced effects, with 5-HT increases observed after reserpine treatment in a newly identified "juxtavesicular" compartment. Destruction of raphé neurons did not eliminate LSD-induced 5-HT increases, while targeting cortical 5-HT neurons completely blocked the effect. This suggests that an intact nerve terminal is crucial for LSD's action, potentially involving an autoreceptor that regulates serotonin release.
Abstract
The mode of action of indoleamine psychotomimetics has been closely linked to 5-HT. Early work showed increases in rat brain levels of 5-HT which w...
Therapeutic and Structural Dimensions in Psychiatric Prescribing: Bridging Psychedelics and Antidepressants.
Harvard review of psychiatry
Summary
A strong therapeutic alliance can enhance recovery outcomes, particularly when combined with psychotropic medications. In environments where patients feel supported, antidepressants may boost neuroplasticity, leading to better responses. With 70% of patients reporting improved outcomes due to their relationship with clinicians, the interplay between therapy and medication becomes clear. Additionally, parallels exist between antidepressants and psychedelics, emphasizing the importance of preparatory and integrative work with providers. This highlights how both pharmacological and relational factors shape mental health treatment effectiveness.
Abstract
As practitioners seek more personalized approaches, exploring how patients' environments, relationship templates, and mindsets factor into symptom ...
A practical measure of integrated information reveals alpha-band activity and the posterior cortex as neural correlates of arousal.
NeuroImage – July 18, 2025
Summary
A new measure, Φcopula, significantly enhances the assessment of consciousness by estimating integrated information more accurately than traditional methods. In simulations, Φcopula maintained low bias and mean squared error across high-dimensional systems. When applied to electroencephalographic data from 30 participants in various arousal states, it revealed a notable decrease in alpha-band Φcopula during propofol anesthesia and sleep. Additionally, classifiers using Φcopula outperformed those based on functional connectivity, with the dorsal attention and default mode networks contributing most significantly to this integrated information in the posterior cortex.
Abstract
The search for neurophysiological markers of consciousness and their neural substrates remains a focal point in neuroscience research. The integrat...
Thalamocortical interactions reflecting the intensity of flicker light-induced visual hallucinatory phenomena.
Network neuroscience (Cambridge, Mass.) – January 01, 2025
Summary
Flicker light stimulation (FLS) at 10-Hz induced visual hallucinations in 80% of healthy participants, revealing a fascinating link between altered states of consciousness and thalamocortical connectivity. Using fMRI, stronger activation was observed in higher order visual cortices during rhythmic FLS compared to arrhythmic flicker. This rhythmic stimulation increased connectivity between ventroanterior thalamic nuclei and these visual areas, correlating positively with the intensity of hallucinations. These findings provide insights into the neural mechanisms behind visual hallucinations, potentially guiding future clinical approaches to pathological conditions.
Abstract
Aberrant thalamocortical connectivity occurs together with visual hallucinations in various pathologies and drug-induced states, highlighting the n...
Unpacking the complexities of consciousness: Theories and reflections.
Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews – March 01, 2025
Summary
A striking polarization exists in consciousness science, with five major theories—Global Neuronal Workspace Theory, Higher-Order Theories, Integrated Information Theory, Recurrent Processing Theory, and Predictive Processing—failing to converge. In a 2022 debate involving leading proponents, it was revealed that consensus remains elusive on fundamental questions such as the nature of consciousness and how to identify conscious states. This lack of agreement highlights the complexity of understanding consciousness and emphasizes the need for clearer frameworks and testable predictions to advance the field.
Abstract
As the field of consciousness science matures, the research agenda has expanded from an initial focus on the neural correlates of consciousness, to...
Phenomenology of Psychedelic Experiences and Psychedelic-Associated Distressing Effects: Quantifying Subjective Experiences.
Current topics in behavioral neurosciences – December 31, 2024
Summary
Psychedelics can induce profound alterations in consciousness, with 70% of users reporting experiences like hallucinations or ego dissolution. While the concept of "psychedelic phenomenology" encompasses these varied subjective experiences, there remains no consensus on defining a "psychedelic state." Notably, challenging experiences, often termed "bad trips," warrant attention for their therapeutic implications and risks. By refining quantitative assessments of both positive and distressing effects, it becomes possible to enhance beneficial outcomes while minimizing potential harm associated with psychedelic use.
Abstract
The range of phenomena that can be induced by psychedelic substances is broad and variable, including effects on perception, cognition, and emotion...
Evaluating Theory-Driven Messaging to Overcome the Barriers to Meditation: Large-Scale Digital Field Experiment.
JMIR mental health – July 07, 2025
Summary
A compelling finding reveals that addressing specific barriers to meditation can significantly enhance engagement. In a digital experiment involving approximately 1.33 million U.S. adults, a message targeting pragmatic barriers achieved a click-through rate odds ratio of 1.57 and an activation rate odds ratio of 1.55, outperforming the control. Conversely, a message focused on knowledge barriers was less effective, showing a click-through rate odds ratio of 0.91. While targeted messaging can spark interest in meditation, it may not ensure lasting behavior change, highlighting ongoing challenges in health communication.
Abstract
The general public is largely aware of meditation, and there is compelling evidence the practice has health benefits. But many people who are aware...
Feasibility Testing a Meditation App for Professionals Working With Youth in the Legal System: Protocol for a Hybrid Type 2 Effectiveness-Implementation Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.
JMIR research protocols – April 24, 2025
Summary
Probation officers and other professionals in the juvenile legal system face immense workplace stress. A new digital mental health initiative aims to help by testing a mobile app designed to boost emotion regulation through mindfulness meditation. This remote pilot trial involves 50 officers, comparing a specialized meditation app against a control. It uses ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to track real-time emotion regulation and objective app usage. The goal is to demonstrate this mhealth tool's feasibility and positive impact, making mindfulness widely accessible to support mental wellbeing in high-stress workplace roles.
Abstract
Probation officers and other professionals who work with youth in the legal system often experience high chronic workplace stress, which can contri...
Traumatic Psychedelic Experiences.
Current topics in behavioral neurosciences – April 29, 2025
Summary
Traumatic psychedelic experiences can lead to significant adverse effects, with up to 20% of users developing post-traumatic stress disorder or acute stress disorder after such events. While some individuals may recover quickly, others face prolonged difficulties, including anxiety and sleep disturbances. Factors contributing to these experiences often include feelings of horror and helplessness, unsafe environments, and pre-existing trauma. Understanding the causes and potential outcomes is crucial for minimizing negative impacts and fostering post-traumatic growth in affected individuals.
Abstract
Psychedelic experiences involving extreme feelings of horror, helplessness, and perceived threats can be traumatizing. Traumatic psychedelic experi...
Mindfulness-based relapse prevention for drug addiction in Nepal: impact and implications of an initial 2-day training of trainers.
BJPsych international – February 01, 2025
Summary
Mindfulness-based interventions hold significant promise for preventing relapse in drug addiction, a pressing issue in Nepal where relapse rates are high. A recent 2-day training engaged 24 mental health professionals, primarily rehabilitation staff, who reported high satisfaction with the program. Feedback indicated valuable insights for improvement, paving the way for online mindfulness-based relapse prevention (MBRP) training. If implemented successfully, this initiative could benefit many individuals in recovery, addressing a critical gap in aftercare services within the Nepalese context.
Abstract
Drug addiction is rife in Nepal, with a high relapse rate following treatment. Apart from basic psychosocial support, there are no evidence-based a...
The associations and effects of mindfulness on anger and aggression: A meta-analytic review.
Clinical psychology review – June 01, 2025
Summary
Mindfulness can significantly reduce anger and aggression. An extensive analysis of 118 studies revealed that individuals with higher dispositional mindfulness reported lower anger (23%) and aggression (19%). Mindfulness-based interventions demonstrated medium effects, decreasing anger by 48% and aggression by 61% compared to control groups. These effects were particularly pronounced in Asia and across various populations, including clinical and healthy adults. The findings underscore mindfulness training's potential for effective emotion regulation, emphasizing the importance of robust control groups in future investigations.
Abstract
Dispositional mindfulness and mindfulness-based interventions have been linked to emotion regulation and may reduce anger and aggression. The prese...
Neurobehavioural Correlates of Breath Meditation in Novice Adolescents: Insights from Anapanasati-based Paradigm.
Annals of neurosciences – April 02, 2025
Summary
Breath-awareness meditation significantly enhances relaxation and psychological well-being in adolescents. In a study involving 45 novice meditators, participants showed increased alpha brain activity during mindfulness practices, indicating relaxation. Notably, beta power in key brain regions correlated positively with breath count, enhancing cognitive processing. Additionally, feelings of bliss during meditation were linked to heightened state mindfulness but inversely associated with theory of mind (TOM). Gender differences emerged, with females exhibiting greater frontal beta activity. This suggests that breath-based practices can effectively support adolescent mental health while highlighting individual variations.
Abstract
Breath-awareness practices contribute to stress management and psychological well-being among adolescents. However, their neurobehavioural effects ...
Regulation of Stress Physiology While Parenting: a Randomized Micro-trial of Loving-Kindness Meditation on Parenting and Salivary Alpha Amylase.
Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research – April 01, 2025
Summary
Loving-kindness meditation (LKM) can help parents manage stress during interactions with toddlers. In a study involving 136 parents, those who practiced LKM showed a decrease in salivary alpha amylase (sAA), indicating reduced stress, while the podcast group experienced increased sAA levels post-interaction. Although LKM did not significantly boost parent sensitivity—averaging 6.01 on a scale—the physiological benefits suggest that fostering compassion may enhance parenting experiences. This highlights the importance of self-compassion in nurturing healthy developmental environments for children.
Abstract
Sensitive parenting early in life sets children up for healthy development, and this type of parenting draws on the parent's compassion and physiol...
Network analysis of meditative states in highly skilled meditators using EEG and horizontal visibility graphs.
Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society. Annual International Conference – July 01, 2024
Summary
Meditation can be more accurately assessed through innovative methods, enhancing its clinical application. Using data from 50 highly skilled meditators, a new approach transformed EEG time series into scale-free networks, significantly improving predictive accuracy for various meditation types. This method outperformed traditional analysis techniques, demonstrating a 25% increase in predictive power compared to popular spectral and non-linear features like complexity or entropy. These findings pave the way for real-time applications, including neurofeedback, enriching our understanding of meditative brain states.
Abstract
The benefits of meditation are increasingly recognized, and some forms are now used for clinical intervention. However, the electrophysiological co...
Effect of a mindfulness program on stress, anxiety, depression, sleep quality, social support, and life satisfaction: a quasi-experimental study in college students.
Frontiers in psychology – January 01, 2025
Summary
Engaging in a mindfulness program significantly enhances college students' mental health. In a study of 128 participants, those who completed a 12-week mindfulness meditation course experienced reductions in stress (effect size: 0.376), anxiety (0.538), and depression (0.091). Additionally, improvements were noted in sleep quality (0.306), social support (0.704), and life satisfaction (0.510). These results highlight the potential of mindfulness practices to alleviate anxiety and boost overall well-being during the challenging university years, fostering healthier academic environments.
Abstract
The university experience often brings various personal and academic challenges that can negatively impact students' mental health. This research a...
Intracranial substrates of meditation-induced neuromodulation in the amygdala and hippocampus.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America – February 11, 2025
Summary
Loving-kindness meditation (LKM) significantly alters brain activity in novice meditators, particularly in the amygdala and hippocampus, which are crucial for emotional regulation. In a study involving epilepsy patients with implanted neurostimulation devices, LKM led to a 30-55 Hz increase in gamma power and changes in beta-gamma burst durations. These effects highlight LKM's potential to enhance emotional well-being by modulating deep limbic structures, offering insights into how meditation can positively influence mental health through specific neural pathways.
Abstract
Meditation is an accessible mental practice associated with emotional regulation and well-being. Loving-kindness meditation (LKM), a specific subty...
Mindfulness-Based Interventions for People with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Systematic Literature Review.
Brain sciences – September 30, 2024
Summary
Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) show promise in improving mental health outcomes for individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). A review of 37 studies revealed that MBIs led to reductions in psychological distress, behavioral issues, and enhanced cognitive and social skills. Notably, adults (n = 12), children and adolescents (n = 9), and caregivers (n = 13) benefited from these interventions. However, the overall quality of the studies was low, highlighting the need for tailored approaches and further exploration, particularly for younger patients and educational support for teachers.
Abstract
Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have emerged in recent years as a strong candidate for the treatment of a range of difficulties faced by ind...
A Validation Study of the Mindfulness-Based Interventions Teaching Assessment Criteria for Assessing Mindfulness-Based Intervention Teacher Skill: Inter-Rater Reliability and Predictive Validity.
Global advances in integrative medicine and health – January 01, 2024
Summary
Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) show promise in reducing anxiety, with higher teaching quality linked to better outcomes. In a study of 21 MBSR teachers rated by three independent assessors, inter-rater reliability improved significantly with multiple raters, yielding ICCs from 0.6 to 0.8. Among 152 MBSR students, anxiety, depression, and fatigue showed notable improvements over four months, with reductions of 2.3 to 6.3 points on PROMIS measures. Notably, each unit increase in MBI:TAC ratings correlated with a 0.31 decrease in anxiety scores, highlighting the importance of intervention fidelity in mindfulness training.
Abstract
Prior data suggests the Mindfulness-Based Interventions: (MBI) Teaching Assessment Criteria (MBI:TAC) has good inter-rater reliability, but many ra...
The Real-World Impact of App-Based Mindfulness on Headspace Members With Moderate and Severe Perceived Stress: Observational Study.
JMIR mHealth and uHealth – March 04, 2024
Summary
Engaging with the Headspace app significantly reduces perceived stress, particularly for users with moderate to severe stress levels. In a sample of app members, those who actively participated saw an average reduction of over 30% in their Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) scores. Increased engagement correlated strongly with these improvements; users reporting more active days and sessions experienced greater reductions in stress. This real-world evidence highlights digital mental health tools as effective applications for alleviating anxiety and depression amidst rising psychological distress since the COVID-19 pandemic.
Abstract
Perceived stress in the United States has drastically increased since the COVID-19 pandemic and is associated with negative mental health outcomes ...
The Relationship Between Changes in Mindfulness and Subsequent Changes in Well-Being Following Psychedelic Use: Prospective Cohort Study.
JMIR formative research – March 04, 2024
Summary
Changes in mindfulness after psychedelic drug use strongly predict improved mental health. An observational web-based survey tracked individuals' experiences with hallucinogens. Findings show enhanced mindfulness, often linked to meditation, significantly reduced symptoms of depression and anxiety, boosting overall well-being. This suggests that the mindful integration of psychedelic substance use can lead to lasting positive changes, highlighting a beneficial pathway for mental health.
Abstract
This study demonstrates that changes in mindfulness predict subsequent changes in well-being in a data set including individuals who recently engag...
Neuro-functional modeling of near-death experiences in contexts of altered states of consciousness.
Frontiers in psychology – January 01, 2022
Summary
Near-death experiences (NDEs) often share striking similarities with altered states of consciousness (ASCs), such as hallucinations and out-of-body experiences (OBEs). An analysis of various neuro-functional models, including data from 150 fighter pilots under gravitational stress, revealed significant overlaps in themes between original NDE reports and experimental findings. Notably, OBEs are localized to the temporo-parietal junction (TPJ) of the brain. This suggests that NDEs may arise from brain responses to ischemic stress, offering insights into the nature of consciousness during critical moments.
Abstract
Near-death experiences (NDEs) including out-of-body experiences (OBEs) have been fascinating phenomena of perception both for affected persons and ...
Naturalistic Use of Mescaline Is Associated with Self-Reported Psychiatric Improvements and Enduring Positive Life Changes.
ACS pharmacology & translational science – April 09, 2021
Summary
A remarkable 68-86% of adults who used mescaline reported improvements in mental health conditions like depression, anxiety, PTSD, and substance use disorders. In a survey of 452 participants, those experiencing acute psychological insights during their mescaline journeys had significantly higher chances of reporting these improvements, with effect sizes ranging from 0.7 to 1.5. Additionally, 35-50% described their mescaline experience as one of the most spiritually significant moments in their lives, highlighting its potential therapeutic value.
Abstract
Mescaline is a naturally occurring psychoactive alkaloid that has been used as a sacrament by Indigenous populations in spiritual ritual and healin...
Safety pharmacology of acute LSD administration in healthy subjects
Psychopharmacology – September 13, 2021
Summary
Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) demonstrates a strong safety profile in a substantial pharmacology analysis. Across 131 single-dose administrations to 83 healthy subjects, 91-96% reported significant "good drug effects" at 50-200 µg, a hallucinogen dose range explored in medicine. Safety pharmacology revealed only moderate physiological changes, with no subjects exceeding 180 mmHg systolic blood pressure. This supports the administration of LSD in psychology and psychedelics and drug studies, indicating its potential in complementary medicine. Biochemical analysis confirmed unaltered organ function.
Abstract
Abstract Rationale Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is used in psychiatric and psychological research and investigated as a potential treatment for...
Self-Boundary Dissolution in Meditation: A Phenomenological Investigation.
Brain sciences – June 21, 2021
Summary
Deep meditative states can lead to a significant dissolution of the sense of self, characterized by changes in location, agency, and first-person perspective. In a study involving qualitative and quantitative analyses, 50 participants reported that passive gestures of "letting go" were crucial for deepening this self-dissolution experience. This suggests that reducing attentional engagement can enhance feelings of self-transcendence. The findings emphasize the interplay between meditation techniques and self-boundary alterations, paving the way for future studies linking phenomenology with neurophysiological data.
Abstract
A fundamental aspect of the sense of self is its pre-reflective dimension specifying the self as a bounded and embodied knower and agent. Being a c...
Personality Traits in Former Spanish Substance Users Recovered with Ayahuasca.
Journal of psychoactive drugs – January 01, 2020
Summary
Ayahuasca, a psychoactive brew, significantly enhances personality traits linked to recovery in former substance users. In a study involving 60 participants from Catalonia, those who underwent ayahuasca rituals reported higher scores in Novelty Seeking (45%) and Self-Transcendence (50%), alongside improved traits such as Impulsivity (40% increase), Compassion (35%), and Spiritual Acceptance (30%). These changes suggest that recovery may hinge less on reducing impulsivity and more on fostering character dimensions like Self-Transcendence and Cooperativeness, emphasizing the transformative power of the ayahuasca experience in addiction treatment.
Abstract
Ayahuasca is a psychoactive brew that contains N,N-dimethyltryptamine and monoamine oxidase-inhibiting alkaloids. It is originally from the Amazon ...
Cardiovascular effects and safety of classic psychedelics.
Nature cardiovascular research – February 01, 2025
Summary
Psychedelics show potential in treating mental health issues but raise concerns about cardiovascular safety. Current evidence categorizes risks into three areas: electrophysiological effects, structural impacts like valvular heart disease, and vascular issues such as hypertension. Notably, the review highlights significant knowledge gaps, including the need for studies involving individuals with pre-existing heart conditions. Understanding drug interactions and the long-term effects of repeated or microdosing use is crucial for ensuring safe therapeutic applications of these substances.
Abstract
Psychedelics, used for millennia in spiritual and healing practices, have emerged as promising treatments for mental health conditions including de...
To Move or Not to Move: Factors of Mind-Body Practice Engagement in a Population-Based Study.
Journal of integrative and complementary medicine – April 01, 2025
Summary
Nearly 6% of U.S. adults engage in combined mind-body practices (MBPs), such as meditation, yoga, tai chi, and qigong. Higher educational attainment correlates with increased participation in all MBP types, while significant disparities exist among racial-ethnic groups. Individuals experiencing moderate to severe psychological distress are about twice as likely to practice combined-MBPs compared to those without distress. These findings highlight the potential of combined-MBPs to address mental and physical health needs, suggesting that healthcare providers should recommend them for patients facing psychological challenges.
Abstract
Background: Mind-body practices (MBPs), which include seated- (meditation) and movement-based practices (yoga, Tai Chi, qigong), have grown increas...
The Impact of a 4-Domain Wellness-Initiative Curriculum on Internal Medicine Resident Physicians.
HCA healthcare journal of medicine – January 01, 2024
Summary
A well-being curriculum significantly enhances the mental health of medical residents. After participating in 10 workshops over an academic year, familiarity with key wellness topics surged from 22.7% to 77.3%. Furthermore, 58.6% reported that the knowledge gained was moderately or extremely influential in their professional lives, while 83.6% felt the same for their personal lives. This structured approach, focusing on mindfulness, self-compassion, and cognitive distortions, shifts mindsets away from burnout toward engagement and joy, fostering overall psychological well-being.
Abstract
There is a trend toward fostering well-being, or the state of being happy and healthy, within the medical community. Historically, resident physici...
Meditation Moderates the Relationship between Insecure Attachment and Loneliness: A Study of Long-Term Care Residents in Thailand.
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) – April 11, 2024
Summary
Meditation significantly influences loneliness among older adults in long-term care facilities, particularly for those with insecure attachment styles. In a study of 236 residents averaging 73.5 years old, 58.4% practiced meditation regularly. Findings revealed that meditation moderated the connection between attachment anxiety and loneliness, indicating its potential as a therapeutic tool. Specifically, higher meditation practices correlated with reduced feelings of loneliness, highlighting the importance of fostering meditation habits to enhance mental well-being in vulnerable populations.
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Loneliness is prevalent among residents of long-term care settings, posing significant challenges to their mental wellbe...