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Sunjeev K. Kamboj

University College London

9 papers in the library · 103 citations · publishing 2015-2026

Papers

Recreational 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (MDMA) or ‘ecstasy’ and self-focused compassion: Preliminary steps in the development of a therapeutic psychopharmacology of contemplative practices

Journal of Psychopharmacology May 18, 2015 Sunjeev K. Kamboj, Emma J. Kilford, Stephanie Minchin et al. 43 citations

MDMA (ecstasy) and compassionate imagery both increase self-compassion and reduce self-criticism in recreational users. In a non-blind experiment, participants who consumed ecstasy showed similar pro-social effects to those produced by a contemplative compassion exercise, particularly in those with higher attachment-related avoidance. The findings suggest MDMA may enhance psychotherapy by fostering compassionate attitudes toward oneself. However, because the study was not blinded and drug purity was unknown, controlled trials with pharmaceutical-grade MDMA are needed to confirm these effects.

Additive Effects of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and Compassionate Imagery on Self-Compassion in Recreational Users of Ecstasy

Mindfulness November 4, 2017 Sunjeev K. Kamboj, Ylva Walldén, Caroline J. Falconer et al. 27 citations

In a naturalistic setting, recreational users who consumed chemically verified MDMA performed a self-focused compassionate imagery exercise on two separate occasions: once after taking MDMA and once without. The exercise and MDMA each independently increased emotional empathy toward critical facial expressions and self-compassion, and their effects on self-compassion appeared to add together. The findings suggest that combining MDMA with compassionate imagery may enhance self-directed affiliative feelings, though controlled studies are needed to confirm the combined utility for therapeutic contexts.

Development and psychometric validation of a novel scale for measuring ‘psychedelic preparedness’

April 28, 2023 Rosalind McAlpine, George Blackburne, Sunjeev K. Kamboj 22 citations preprint

A new 20-item Psychedelic Preparedness Scale (PPS) measures how well participants are prepared for psychedelic experiences, addressing a gap in available assessment tools. Developed using an iterative Delphi-focus group method and validated in two large online samples (N = 516 and N = 716) plus a psilocybin retreat group (N = 46), the scale identifies four factors: Knowledge-Expectations, Intention-Preparation, Psychophysical-Readiness, and Support-Planning. It shows excellent reliability (ω = 0.954) and evidence of convergent, divergent, and discriminant validity. Higher pre-experience preparedness scores predicted better mental health and wellbeing outcomes after the experience, indicating the scale's predictive utility for assessing participants' psychological 'set' and potential benefit or reduced harm.

Complex slow waves radically reorganise human brain dynamics under 5-MeO-DMT

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) October 7, 2024 George Blackburne, Rosalind McAlpine, Marco S. Fabus et al. 8 citations preprint

A high dose of the psychedelic drug 5-MeO-DMT radically reorganizes low-frequency brain activity in 29 healthy individuals. Inhaling 12 mg of vaporized synthetic 5-MeO-DMT caused neural activity flows to become incoherent, heterogeneous, viscous, fleeting, and nonrecurring, ceasing typical traveling waves across the cortex. This reorganization led to slower, more stable, low-dimensional broadband activity with increased energy barriers to rapid global shifts. The findings provide the first detailed empirical account of how 5-MeO-DMT alters human brain dynamics, revealing novel cortical slow wave behaviors.

High-precision neurofeedback-guided meditation training optimises real-world self-guided meditation practice for well-being

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) October 26, 2024 Saampras Ganesan, Nicholas T. van Dam, Sunjeev K. Kamboj et al. 3 citations preprint

Personalized high-precision neurofeedback (NF) can help novice meditators better disengage from mental activity during meditation, improving emotional well-being and mindful awareness. In a single-blind, controlled study, 40 novices received two days of meditation training with feedback from either their own or a matched participant's posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) activity, measured using 7 Tesla fMRI. The experimental group showed stronger functional decoupling of PCC from dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, indicating improved control over disengagement. This led to greater improvements in emotional well-being and mindful awareness during a week of real-world self-guided meditation, supporting the utility of NF-guided meditation training.

Protocol for a qualitative mechanistic study of MDMA with a sample of psychoanalytic psychotherapists: A phenomenological investigation

PLoS ONE June 18, 2026 Elisa Liberati, Hv Curran, Peter Fonagy et al.

MDMA-assisted psychotherapy shows promise for treating PTSD, but the psychological mechanisms behind its effects are not well understood. This qualitative study will have approximately 25 experienced psychodynamic psychotherapists receive two doses of MDMA (80-120 mg, oral) in an open-label design. Participants will complete interviews before, during, and after MDMA sessions, plus daily journals. Researchers will use phenomenological and thematic analysis, along with grounded theory, to develop a model of MDMA's psychological mechanisms of action. The study treats therapists as expert observers of their own psychological processes, aiming to generate insights that can inform future treatment models and offer a framework for qualitative mechanistic research on psychedelics.

Strategies for resolving challenging psychedelic experiences: insights from a mixed-methods study.

Scientific reports November 21, 2024 Maximillian J. Wood, Rosalind G. McAlpine, Sunjeev K. Kamboj

People who have difficult experiences while using psychedelics can benefit from specific coping strategies. A mixed-methods study of psilocybin retreat participants and a larger online survey identified three main ways people navigate challenging psychedelic experiences: accepting and reinterpreting the experience, regulating through sensory and physical interaction, and seeking social support. Acceptance and reappraisal, along with social support and disclosure, were linked to greater emotional breakthrough. Fear-related challenges were associated with less emotional breakthrough and fewer adaptive coping strategies. These findings clarify how challenging experiences can lead to positive outcomes and suggest ways to improve therapeutic protocols and safety.

Development of a Digital Intervention for Psychedelic Preparation (DIPP): a theory- and person-centred approach

November 22, 2023 Rosalind McAlpine, Katarina Krajnović, Maisha M. Khan et al. preprint

A self-directed, 21-day digital course (Digital Intervention for Psychedelic Preparation, DIPP) was developed to help people prepare for psychedelic experiences. The course is based on a four-factor model of psychedelic preparedness: Knowledge-Expectation, Psychophysical-Readiness, Safety-Planning, and Intention-Preparation. It includes daily meditation, weekly exercises, and mood tracking. Development followed the UK Medical Research Council framework for complex interventions and used a person-centred, co-design approach. Interviews with 19 past retreat attendees and co-design workshops with 28 current retreat attendees shaped the intervention. DIPP offers a scalable, digital solution to enhance preparedness, aiming to limit adverse reactions and improve therapeutic benefits.

How to set up a psychedelic study: Unique considerations for research involving human participants

arXiv Preprint Archive March 28, 2025 Marcus J. Glennon, Catherine I. V. Bird, Prateek Yadav et al.

Setting up a psychedelic study is a long and complex process that presents unique challenges not yet standardized. This review brings together major UK research teams to formalize these considerations, identify ongoing debates, and provide a practical guide for researchers and policymakers. It addresses challenges to existing assumptions about psychiatric prescribing, the placebo effect, and definitions of selfhood. The paper can be read end-to-end or used as a manual with sections for specific needs.