Toxicology
January 5, 2005
Helena Carmo, Jan G Hengstler, Douwe De Boer et al.
85 citations
The psychoactive designer drug 2C-B is broken down by liver cells from humans, monkeys, dogs, rabbits, rats, and mice through oxidative deamination and demethylation, producing several metabolites. A previously unknown metabolite, 4-bromo-2,5-dimethoxy-phenol (BDMP), appeared only in mouse cells, while another metabolite, 2-(4-bromo-2-hydroxy-5-methoxyphenyl)-ethanol (B-2-HMPE), formed in human, monkey, and rabbit cells but not in dog, rat, or mouse cells. Toxic effects on liver cells varied little across species but showed large differences among cells from three human donors, indicating that individual human variation may be more important than species differences in determining 2C-B toxicity.
Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences
November 25, 2004
Helena Carmo, Douwe De Boer, Fernando Remião et al.
32 citations
The psychoactive drug 2C-B, sold as 'Ecstasy', is metabolized in mice, producing several metabolites detectable in urine by GC/MS. Unchanged 2C-B and these metabolites were identified, providing data that may help understand the drug's biological and toxicological effects and aid forensic analysis of samples from human abusers.
Forensic science international
September 1, 2014
Fernando Xavier Moreira, Félix Carvalho, Maria De Lourdes Bastos et al.
13 citations
Products containing the hallucinogenic plant Salvia divinorum, sold legally in smartshops and online, often mislead consumers about their potency and composition. Analysis of 10 such products, labeled with potencies from 5x to 60x, found that salvinorin A was the primary hallucinogen, along with three related compounds. Labeled concentrations of salvinorin A frequently did not match the actual amounts, and the true concentrations far exceeded the level needed to produce hallucinogenic effects. Safety information was often omitted, encouraging recreational use without adequate warnings.