Buddhist Jhāna meditation and Christian speaking in tongues, despite appearing very different, share key phenomenological features. Interviews with experienced practitioners in the USA reveal a dynamic interplay between focused attention, aroused joy, and a sense of letting go or release crucial to both practices. The paper theorizes that these shared features engage an autonomic field built through a spiral between attention, arousal, and release (AAR), analyzed through sensory gating and predictive processing theories of brain function.
Working back and forth between neuroscientific methods and ethnographic phenomenology can inspire new ways of thinking. A neurophenomenological project investigated the evangelical Christian practice of speaking in tongues. After several years of ethnographic participant observation in tongues-speaking churches and careful interviews with tongues-speakers, the researchers developed a neuroimaging experiment to capture what they heard. Their interdisciplinary approach revealed shifts in the experience of speaking in tongues, which they call "dropping in." Combining ethnographic phenomenology and neuroscience brought a deeper understanding of tongues prayer in unexpected ways.