Entheogens
Journal of Psychedelic Drugs January 1, 1979 Carl A. P. Ruck, Jeremy Bigwood, Danny Staples et al. 142 citations
No Summary
Jonathan Ott
Department of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA. fengguo@iu.edu.
3 papers in the library · 278 citations · publishing 1979-2026
Papers
Pharmahuasca: Human Pharmacology of Oral DMT Plus Harmine
Journal of Psychoactive Drugs April 1, 1999 Jonathan Ott 136 citations
Eight self-experimenters confirmed the 1967 Holmstedt-Lindgren hypothesis: oral N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT) becomes psychoactive when ingested alongside beta-carbolines like harmine because the beta-carbolines inhibit monoamine oxidase (MAO). The report summarizes roughly 70 bioassays of pharmahuasca—capsules containing crystalline DMT plus harmine, and other tryptamine–beta-carboline combinations—and reviews the relevant literature. The findings support the mechanism underlying the ayahuasca effect, where MAO inhibition enables DMT's oral activity.
Mythobotany of Coca
Revista de Arqueología Americana July 10, 2026 Jonathan Ott
Coca (Erythroxylum coca and related species) served as a key shamanic inebriant, or entheogen, in South America, distinct from religious practice. The article surveys the mythology and ethnobotany surrounding coca and several wild Erythroxylum species used as substitutes, supported by 98 references.