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Brian Pittman

Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.

8 papers in the library · 473 citations · publishing 2012-2024

Papers

Psilocybin-assisted therapy for major depressive disorder: An exploratory placebo-controlled, fixed-order trial

Journal of Psychopharmacology March 20, 2023 Jordan Sloshower, Hamideh Safi-Aghdam, Surbhi Pathania et al. 153 citations

In a small exploratory study, 19 adults with moderate-to-severe major depression received placebo first, then 4 weeks later a single dose of psilocybin (0.3 mg/kg), both embedded in psychotherapy. Depression and anxiety improved after both placebo and psilocybin, with no statistically significant difference between the two conditions. However, antidepressant effect sizes were larger after psilocybin (d′ = 1.02–2.27) than after placebo (d′ = 0.65–0.99), and 66.7% of participants responded and 46.7% remitted following psilocybin. Improvements lasted about 2 months on average. The intensity of mystical-type experience during psilocybin did not correlate with antidepressant effects. The authors conclude that expectancy and therapy effects complicate interpretation but support further study of psilocybin for depression.

Dose-related behavioral, subjective, endocrine, and psychophysiological effects of the κ opioid agonist Salvinorin A in humans.

Biological psychiatry November 15, 2012 Mohini Ranganathan, Ashley Schnakenberg, Patrick D Skosnik et al. 125 citations

Inhaled salvinorin A, the active ingredient in Salvia divinorum, produces transient psychotomimetic and perceptual alterations including dissociative and somaesthetic effects, increases plasma cortisol and prolactin, and reduces resting electroencephalogram spectral power. It does not cause euphoria, cognitive deficits, or changes in vital signs, and the effects are not dose-related. The substance is very well-tolerated without acute or delayed adverse effects, and its lack of euphoric effects suggests a low addictive potential similar to other hallucinogens.

Exploratory investigation of a patient‐informed low‐dose psilocybin pulse regimen in the suppression of cluster headache: Results from a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial

Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain November 1, 2022 Christina Luddy, Yutong Zhu, Hayley Lindsey et al. 75 citations

In an exploratory randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, a pulse regimen of three doses of psilocybin (0.143 mg/kg) given about five days apart did not significantly reduce cluster headache attack frequency compared to placebo. Over three weeks, attack frequency changed by −3.2 attacks per week with psilocybin (baseline 9.6) and 0.03 attacks per week with placebo (baseline 8.9), a difference that was not statistically significant. The overall effect size was moderate (d = 0.69), but large in chronic participants (d = 1.25) and small in episodic participants (d = 0.35). Changes in attack frequency were not linked to the intensity of acute psychedelic effects. Psilocybin was well-tolerated with no serious adverse events.

Psychological flexibility as a mechanism of change in psilocybin-assisted therapy for major depression: results from an exploratory placebo-controlled trial.

Scientific reports April 17, 2024 Jordan Sloshower, Richard J Zeifman, Jeffrey Guss et al. 56 citations

Psilocybin-assisted therapy improves psychological flexibility, mindfulness, and values-congruent living in people with moderate to severe major depressive disorder, and these improvements are strongly linked to reductions in depression severity. In an exploratory placebo-controlled study, participants received placebo then psilocybin (0.3 mg/kg) four weeks later, with dosing sessions embedded in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. Psychological flexibility, several facets of mindfulness, and values-congruent living significantly improved after psilocybin and were maintained through week 16. The findings suggest that increasing psychological flexibility may be a key mechanism underlying psilocybin's therapeutic effects.

Sub-acute effects of psilocybin on EEG correlates of neural plasticity in major depression: Relationship to symptoms

Journal of Psychopharmacology June 30, 2023 Jordan Sloshower, Hamideh Safi-Aghdam, Surbhi Pathania et al. 47 citations

A single dose of psilocybin (0.3 mg/kg) doubled electroencephalographic theta power—a marker of neuroplasticity—in the auditory cortex of people with major depressive disorder two weeks later, while placebo produced no such change. Greater increases in theta power correlated with greater reductions in depression symptoms measured by the GRID-HAM-D-17 scale. These results provide evidence that psilocybin can induce sustained changes in human brain plasticity, and the theta-power increase may serve as an EEG biomarker for its antidepressant effects.

Sex differences in the acute effects of oral THC: a randomized, placebo-controlled, crossover human laboratory study.

Psychopharmacology October 1, 2024 Ardavan Mohammad Aghaei, Lia Urban Spillane, Brian Pittman et al. 9 citations

After a single 10 mg oral dose of THC, women reported a heightened subjective feeling of being 'high' compared to men, while psychotomimetic and physiological effects were similar across sexes. No sex differences appeared in verbal learning and memory. The findings suggest that women may experience a more pronounced subjective psychoactive response to THC, pointing to individual vulnerabilities that could inform tailored interventions for cannabis use disorder.

Blood pressure changes during ketamine infusion for the treatment of depression.

General hospital psychiatry January 1, 2024 Mina Ansari, Brian Pittman, Daniel S Tylee et al. 6 citations

Blood pressure increases during ketamine infusion for depression, peaking at 40 minutes with average rises of 16.0 mmHg systolic and 11.0 mmHg diastolic. Severe hypertension occurred in 12.5% of patients and 0.98% of infusion sessions, most often during the first three treatments. Older age and a history of hypertension were associated with larger blood pressure surges, indicating that careful cardiovascular monitoring is needed, especially for these patients.

Brief report: The influence of childhood trauma on the effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol in persons with opioid use disorder.

The American journal on addictions May 1, 2024 Michael Rogan, Julio C Nunes, Catherine Z Xie et al. 2 citations

Greater childhood trauma is linked to lower aversive effects from higher doses of THC in people being treated with methadone for opioid use disorder. In a placebo-controlled crossover trial with 25 participants, those with more childhood trauma reported fewer negative subjective effects after taking 20 mg of oral THC. This reduced sensitivity to THC's aversive effects may contribute to increased cannabis use among individuals with opioid use disorder. The findings highlight the importance of assessing childhood trauma in opioid use disorder treatment and research.