Fungal Hallucinogens Psilocin, Ibotenic Acid, and Muscimol
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring July 12, 2013 Katarzyna Stebelska 73 citations
Psilocin, ibotenic acid, and muscimol, psychoactive compounds from fungi, have been used recreationally since the 1960s despite documented neurotoxicity and a reputation as safe and nonaddictive. Scientific efforts to find medical applications in psychiatry, psychotherapy, and religious rituals remain controversial; any healing potential may be inadequate and could harm patients. While hallucinogens generally reduce cognitive functions, recent findings suggest psilocin might improve perception and mental skills, motivating magic mushroom use. This article reviews symptoms of intoxication, analytical detection methods in fungal material, food, and body fluids, mechanisms of biological activity, therapeutic potential, and health risks of abuse.