Neurotoxicity Research
December 18, 2020
Adam Wojtas, Monika Herian, Mateusz Skawski et al.
33 citations
The hallucinogen 25B-NBOMe, which binds strongly to serotonin receptors, increased dopamine, serotonin, and glutamate release in the rat frontal cortex, striatum, and nucleus accumbens. It induced hallucinogenic activity, impaired short-term memory as measured by the novel object recognition test, and reduced locomotor activity in the open field test. In the light/dark box, rats spent more time in the dark zone, suggesting an anxiogenic effect. Scopolamine blocked the memory impairment. Unlike MDMA, 25B-NBOMe showed a subtle genotoxic effect in the comet assay. The changes in neurotransmitter levels may stem from its affinity for the 5-HT2A receptor.
Psychopharmacology
May 25, 2021
Monika Herian, Mateusz Skawski, Adam Wojtas et al.
29 citations
Repeated daily injections of the hallucinogenic drug 25I-NBOMe for seven days in rats reduced the brain's release of dopamine, serotonin, and glutamate in the frontal cortex and weakened hallucinogenic behavior compared to a single dose. In contrast, dopamine and serotonin release increased in the striatum and nucleus accumbens, and acetylcholine release rose across all brain regions. Chronic treatment also reduced motor activity, impaired short-term memory, and induced anxiety. These findings indicate that repeated use of 25I-NBOMe produces tolerance to its hallucinogenic effects while altering multiple neurotransmitter systems, with complex effects on memory, movement, and anxiety.
Neurotoxicity Research
July 26, 2016
Karolina Noworyta, Katarzyna Kamińska, Grzegorz Kreiner et al.
26 citations
The hallucinogen 5-MeO-DIPT ('foxy') increases dopamine, serotonin, and glutamate release in rat brain regions including the striatum, nucleus accumbens, and frontal cortex, with varying potency. It raises serotonin and lowers its metabolite 5-HIAA in tissue, likely by inhibiting the serotonin transporter. Decreases in dopamine and its metabolites suggest possible damage to dopamine terminals or adaptive changes in turnover. DNA strand breaks persisted for up to 60 days, indicating marked neurotoxicity. The drug also induced head-twitch responses and potentiated forepaw treading, suggesting its hallucinogenic effects involve stimulation of 5-HT2A and 5-HT1A receptors.
Neuropharmacology
December 1, 2023
Adam Wojtas, Monika Herian, Marzena Maćkowiak et al.
6 citations
Repeated administration of the hallucinogenic drug 25B-NBOMe (0.3 mg/kg for 7 days) in rats rapidly produced tolerance to its effects on neurotransmitter release and hallucinogenic behavior, as measured by the Wet Dog Shake test. The drug reduced dopamine, serotonin, and glutamate responses in the frontal cortex, striatum, and nucleus accumbens after a challenge dose. Genotoxicity, indicated by DNA damage, was found in the frontal cortex and hippocampus, with increased glial cells in cortical regions but no neuronal loss. Anxiety effects depended on treatment and environmental context, with anxiogenic effects observed after both single and repeated dosing.